Electromagnetic Momentum Energy Speed of light Mass Planck constant Frequency and Wavelength

p = E/c = mc = hf/c = hλ

The above equation provided several important relationships in physics:

p represents momentum.

E represents energy.

c represents the speed of light in vacuum.

m represents mass.

h represents the Planck constant.

f represents frequency.

λ represents wavelength.

Each of these quantities has specific meanings and units:

Momentum (p) is the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v). In the equation p = E/c = mc, the first term represents momentum, and it is equal to the energy (E) divided by the speed of light (c).

The equation E = mc^2 represents the famous mass-energy equivalence relationship proposed by Einstein in his theory of special relativity. It states that energy (E) is equal to mass (m) multiplied by the speed of light squared (c^2).

In the equation hf/c, h represents the Planck constant, f represents frequency, and c is the speed of light. This equation relates the energy of a photon (hf) to its momentum (p) through the speed of light (c).

Finally, the equation hλ relates the Planck constant (h) to the wavelength (λ) of a wave or particle.

It's important to note that these equations are derived and applicable within specific physical theories, such as special relativity and quantum mechanics. They have been extensively tested and confirmed by experimental observations. Each equation represents a different aspect of physical phenomena and provides a mathematical description of the relationships between various quantities.

p = E/c: This equation relates momentum (p) to energy (E) through the speed of light (c). It is derived from special relativity and indicates that the momentum of a particle is equal to its energy divided by the speed of light.

mc: This equation represents the relativistic mass (m) of an object multiplied by the speed of light (c). It is another formulation derived from special relativity, which relates mass and energy.

hf/c: This equation relates the momentum (p) of a photon to its frequency (f) and the speed of light (c). It is derived from the equation for the momentum of a photon, which is given by p = hf/c, where h is the Planck constant.

hλ: This equation relates the momentum (p) of a photon to its wavelength (λ) through the Planck constant (h). It is another formulation of the equation for the momentum of a photon.

Relative time from frequencies causes clock error, misrepresenting as time dilation:

Author ORCID 

Relative time emerge from relative frequency. A phase shift in relative frequency results in an infinitesimal loss of wave energy, and a corresponding enlargement in the wavelength of oscillation can lead to errors in clock time readings between relative locations due to differences in velocity or gravitational potential.

1.     When an oscillating body is subjected to either relative velocity or a gravitational potential difference, it can experience a phase shift in its oscillations, which can be associated with an infinitesimal loss of wave energy.

2.     The phase shift in relative frequencies refers to a change in the timing or synchronization of oscillations between two clocks in different relative locations. This can occur due to factors such as differences in velocity or gravitational potential. As a result, there can be a discrepancy or error in the measurement of time between the clocks.

3.     The wavelength, as a spatial property, can be affected by these factors and undergo distortion or enlargement. However, it's important to note that the wavelength itself does not directly represent clock time. Rather, it is the timing or synchronization of the oscillations that is relevant for measuring time.

4.     The time-related distortion, which represents the temporal aspects of the phenomenon, can be influenced by the phase shift and changes in wavelength. This can lead to errors in the reading of clock time between relative locations.

5.     A phase shift refers to the displacement of a wave form in time. A complete wave cycle, also known as a period (T), corresponds to a phase shift of 360 degrees or 2π radians.

6.     When representing a complete wave cycle in degrees (°), it can be denoted as T(deg). In this notation, T(deg) represents the angular measure of one complete cycle of the waveform in degrees.

7.     In terms of frequency (f), which represents the number of wave cycles per unit of time, there is an inverse relationship between the period and the frequency. The period (T) is the reciprocal of the frequency (f), and the relationship can be expressed as:

T = 1 / f

8.     If we express the period in degrees, T(deg), the relationship still holds:
T(deg) = 360° / f

9.     In this case, T(deg) represents the angular measure of one complete cycle of the waveform in degrees, and it is inversely proportional to the frequency (f).

10. Phase shifts can occur under the effects of relative velocities of observers and gravitational potential differences. These effects can introduce changes in the perception of time and the behavior of clocks, which may manifest as phase shifts in oscillatory systems and cause errors in time between relative clock oscillations under the effects of both relative velocities and gravitational potential differences.

11. When two clocks are in relative motion, such as in the case of relative velocities, as a result, the oscillations of the clocks can experience a phase shift, causing an error in the measurement of time between the clocks.

12. Similarly, in the presence of gravitational potential differences, clocks at different heights or in different gravitational fields will have different rates of time flow. This difference in the perceived flow of time can cause phase shifts in the oscillations of the clocks, resulting in errors in time measurement between them.

13. The phase shifts in relative frequencies due to these effects can indeed cause errors in the reading of clock time. The magnitude of these errors depends on factors such as the relative velocity between the clocks or the difference in gravitational potential. In everyday situations, these errors are typically negligible, but in scenarios involving high velocities or strong gravitational fields, they can become significant and need to be accounted for in accurate timekeeping.

14. It's worth noting that modern technologies and scientific advancements, such as synchronization protocols and correction algorithms, have been developed to mitigate and compensate for these phase shifts and errors in time measurement. These techniques help ensure that clocks and timekeeping systems can account for the effects of relative velocities and gravitational potential differences, providing accurate and reliable time measurements even in the presence of such factors.

15. Summary: phase shifts can occur between relative clock oscillations under the effects of both relative velocities and gravitational potential differences. These phase shifts can introduce errors in time measurement, and it is important to consider and compensate for these effects in applications where precise timekeeping is required.

Concluding that the phase shifts can occur and cause errors in time between relative clock oscillations under the effects of both relative velocities and gravitational potential differences; it is actually error in clock time due to relativistic effects, misrepresented as time dilation.

Reference Relativistic effects on phaseshift in frequencies invalidate time dilation II

Copyright@SoumendraNathThakur

Oscillatory systems with relative velocity or gravitational potential difference experience phase shifts, causing wave energy loss and errors in clock time readings.

[Author ORCID: 0000-0003-1871-7803]

When a clock or any other oscillatory system is subjected to either relative velocity or a gravitational potential difference, it can experience a phase shift in its oscillations. This phase shift is associated with an infinitesimal loss of wave energy, which can result in errors in the reading of clock time.

The phase shift arises due to the interaction between the clock's oscillations and the influence of relative velocity or gravitational potential difference. This interaction alters the frequency and period of the oscillations, causing a deviation from the expected or proper time.

In the case of relative velocity, the moving clock experiences a change in its oscillation rate and exhibits a phase shift, leading to a discrepancy between the measured time on the moving clock and the time measured by a stationary observer.

Similarly, in the presence of a gravitational potential difference, clocks at different heights in a gravitational field experience variations in gravitational potential, causing differences in their oscillation rates and introducing phase shifts in their oscillations.

These phase shifts and infinitesimal energy losses can accumulate over time, resulting in errors in the reading of clock time. However, it's important to note that these errors are typically infinitesimal and are only significant in extreme conditions involving high velocities or strong gravitational fields. For everyday situations and conventional clock systems, these relativistic and gravitational effects are taken into account to provide accurate timekeeping.

Reference: Relativistic effects on phaseshift in frequencies invalidate time dilation II

Mass does not warp the space-time as a photon travelling an arc path does not change its displacement time:

[Author ORCID: 0000-0003-1871-7803]

Summary: A photon exchanges momentum as it bypasses a large gravitational well during transit. The photon experiences a change in momentum and its path is bent as it interacts with the gravitational field. A photon simultaneously gains and loses momentum (p) from a gravitational interaction with a massive object. However, a photon maintains its relative path with speed c and covers the same distance (d) as compared to its constant speed. The curvature of the photon's path is understood in terms of the exchange of momentum experienced by the photon.

The argument presented here suggests that a photon traveling along an arc path in a strong gravitational field does not experience a change in its displacement time. The author notes that while the equation p = hf/c = h/λ (where p represents momentum, h is Planck's constant, f is frequency, and λ is wavelength) is commonly used, it is not a relativistic equation.

According to the article titled "Electromagnetic - Gravitational Interactions between Photons and Gravitational Masses," when a photon enters a strong gravitational field, it releases excess energy and converts it into momentum, causing the photon to travel along an arc path. However, in the absence of electromagnetic-gravitational field interactions, the photon should continue on its original path with constant speed, without gaining additional energy.

The article argues that regardless of whether the photon travels along a straight path or an arc path due to the influence of a gravitational field, it reaches points A and B at the same time. The relative times taken by the photon are said to remain constant, with the only difference being the additional energy gained and lost as the photon follows a curved path, while maintaining its relativistic speed.

It's important to note that this viewpoint may deviate from the mainstream understanding of relativistic effects and gravitational interactions. While the behavior of photons in strong gravitational fields is a topic of interest in physics, further research and empirical evidence are necessary to validate or refute the claims presented in the article.

Reference: A photon traveling an arc path does not change its displacement time:

#photnarcpath

Abstract of the paper titled "Relativistic effects on phaseshift in frequencies invalidate time dilation II"

Open Paper titled Relativistic effects on phaseshift in frequencies invalidate time dilation II

1. The paper challenges the concept of time dilation in special relativity, arguing that it is actually a misinterpretation of wavelength dilation caused by relativistic effects.

2. The authors suggest that the equation for time dilation, t' = t / √ (1 - v²/c²) is incorrect and fails to explain the cause of time distortion.

3. They propose that time is an abstract and conceptual dimension, not influenced by relativistic effects such as speed or gravity, and it is the wave properties and corresponding wavelength distortions that lead to time distortions.

4. Experimental results using piezoelectric crystal oscillators demonstrate that phase shifts in frequencies correspond to time shifts due to relativistic effects.

5. The authors emphasize that time is an emergent concept related to events and should not be considered an entity affected by relativistic effects.

6. They conclude that the concept of time dilation is a misconception and that the observed effects are actually the dilation of wavelengths in clock oscillations, resulting in errors in clock readings.

Summary of the paper:

1. The paper challenges the concept of time dilation in special relativity and argues that it is based on a misconception. It suggests that the equation for time dilation, t' = t / √ (1 - v²/c²), is incorrect and proposes an alternative explanation for the observed phenomena.

2. The authors argue that proper time and relative time are not natural entities but rather emerging concepts with a mathematical nature. They question the idea of spacetime as a natural four-dimensional manifold and propose that it is a mathematical concept.

3. The paper suggests that the distortion of frequencies due to relativistic effects, such as speed or gravitational potential differences, leads to phase shifts in the oscillations of clocks. These phase shifts are associated with an increase in wavelength and are erroneously interpreted as time dilation.

4. The authors claim that relativistic effects cannot interact with proper time to produce time dilation, and they argue that time is an imperceptible fourth-dimensional concept that is not subject to real interference or influence from cosmic events.

5. Experimental results using piezoelectric crystal oscillators are presented to support the idea that wave distortions correspond to time shifts due to relativistic effects. The paper concludes that time dilation is actually wavelength dilation and challenges the conventional scientific definition of time.