Soumendra Nath Thakur
ORCiD: 0000-0003-1871-7803
29-08-2024
Keywords: Negative Gravitating Mass, Dark Matter, Effective Mass, Gravitational Dynamics, General Relativity
Key Finding:
Negative Gravitating Mass: The equation Mɢ = Mᴍ + Mᵉᶠᶠ is used to represent the relationship between gravitational mass (Mɢ), total matter mass including dark matter (Mᴍ), and effective mass (Mᵉᶠᶠ). In this equation:
Mᴍ denotes the combined mass of both ordinary matter and dark matter.
Mᵉᶠᶠ represents the effective mass, which can be either positive or negative depending on the influence of various forces and conditions.
When the effective mass (Mᵉᶠᶠ) is negative and its magnitude exceeds the total matter mass (Mᴍ) the gravitational mass Mɢ becomes negative (i.e., Mɢ < 0). This results in negative gravitating mass, leading to repulsive gravitational effects. Thus, the dominance of negative effective mass over the combined mass of matter and dark matter (Mᴍ) contributes to the observed accelerated expansion of the universe.
Analysis:
Our research demonstrates that dark matter plays a pivotal role in shaping the gravitational dynamics of the universe. By incorporating dark matter into the total matter mass (Mᴍ), and considering the influence of negative effective mass (Mᵉᶠᶠ), we observe that the negative gravitating mass Mɢ becomes dominant. This dominance leads to repulsive gravitational effects, significantly contributing to the accelerated expansion of the universe.
Limitations of General Relativity:
The observed accelerated expansion challenges the predictions of general relativity. Our findings suggest that traditional models may be inadequate to fully explain cosmic expansion, necessitating the introduction of concepts such as dark energy and negative effective mass. This highlights the need for an extended framework beyond general relativity to better understand and describe the dynamics of the universe.
Conclusion:
In this study, we have elucidated the role of negative gravitating mass within the framework of gravitational dynamics and highlighted the significant contribution of dark matter to this phenomenon. The equation Mɢ = Mᴍ + Mᵉᶠᶠ provides a comprehensive understanding of how gravitational mass (Mɢ) relates to the combined matter mass (Mᴍ) and effective mass (Mᵉᶠᶠ). Our analysis reveals that when the effective mass is negative and exceeds the matter mass, the resulting negative gravitating mass leads to repulsive gravitational effects. This contributes notably to the observed accelerated expansion of the universe.
Our findings underscore the pivotal role of dark matter in shaping the universe's gravitational dynamics, emphasizing the necessity to incorporate negative effective mass into our models. Additionally, the limitations of general relativity in explaining the accelerated expansion suggest that an extended theoretical framework is required. Concepts such as dark energy and negative effective mass must be considered to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of cosmic evolution. This study advances the dialogue on the need for revised or new theoretical approaches to better describe and predict the dynamics of our universe.
