Abstract:
The concept of speed at 'c' in a gravitationally bound system is explained by the concept of matter, energy, and gravitational dynamics. Matter is a concentrated form of energy, associated with mass and requiring three-dimensional space. Energy can exist across various dimensions, even within a 0-dimensional space. Gravity interacts with both matter and energy, with mass referring to the presence of an atomic nucleus composed of neutrons and protons. Light's energy is carried by photons, which possess no rest mass. Electrons within atoms have mass, and when an electron absorbs a photon, its mass does not increase but its energy does.
Photons, the smallest unit of energy within electromagnetic waves, primarily originate from massive bodies like stars. The gravitational interaction between photons and mass is the weakest due to their masslessness. Subatomic particles like neutrons and protons exhibit stronger gravitational interaction compared to photons within massive gravity. A photon requires the smallest amount of energy to achieve speed, enabling it to move at the highest possible speed with nearly zero energy expenditure.
An atom, much heavier than a massless photon, requires significant external energy to achieve the speed of light. A massive particle cannot sustain the speed of light without substantial external energy support. Space and time are abstract concepts devoid of physicality, and with adequate anti-gravitational energy, an entire galaxy could be propelled to the speed of light.
The fundamental concept regarding speed at 'c' within a gravitationally bound system can be clarified in the following manner:
Matter, often referred to as cold matter, is essentially a concentrated form of energy.
Matter's existence is associated with mass and necessitates three-dimensional space.
Energy, however, can exist across various dimensions, even within a 0-dimensional space.
Gravity interacts with both matter and energy.
The term 'mass' fundamentally denotes the presence of an atomic nucleus comprised of neutrons and protons, the heaviest subatomic particles within an atom.
Light's energy is carried by photons, which possess no rest mass.
Electrons within atoms, in contrast, have mass.
an electron absorbs a photon, its mass doesn't increase but its energy does.
A photon constitutes the smallest unit of energy within electromagnetic waves, including light waves.
Observations reveal that photons predominantly originate from massive bodies such as stars.
Given their masslessness, the gravitational interaction between photons and mass is the weakest.
Subatomic particles like neutrons and protons exhibit much stronger gravitational interaction compared to photons within massive gravity.
As a result of the least gravitational interaction and energy involvement, a photon requires the smallest amount of energy to achieve speed, enabling it to move at the highest possible speed with nearly zero energy expenditure, relying solely on the energy it carries.
Conversely, an atom, considerably heavier than a massless photon, demands an extraordinary amount of energy, even to escape a gravitational well, far below the speed of light.
For an atom to move, it necessitates an external energy source since it cannot inherently possess the required pure energy to reach the speed of light.
Contrarily, a massless photon effortlessly carries its own energy from the instant of its emission, moving at the speed of light without requiring acceleration, unlike an atom.
An atom lacks the inherent advantages of a photon; achieving the speed of light demands significant external energy, unlike a non-massive photon.
Hence, a massive particle cannot sustain the speed of light without substantial external energy support, unlike a non-massive photon.
An atom can only exhibit sufficient energy through certain nuclear reactions; otherwise, it cannot achieve this level of energy.
Space and time are abstract concepts devoid of physicality, incapable of influencing the speed of a photon, regardless of assertions suggesting otherwise.
Given adequate anti-gravitational energy, an entire galaxy could be propelled to the speed of light as well.
