We Are Already Traveling Through Time: The Redundant Quest for a New Time Machine.

Soumendra Nath Thakur

28-10-2924

We are, in fact, continuously moving through time. This inherent progression renders the idea of inventing a "new" time machine both unnecessary and impossible. Every machine that facilitates motion—whether it's a car, a plane, or even our own footsteps—moves us through time as well as space. In this sense, all motion-related devices are already time machines, enabling us to travel forward in time naturally. Therefore, the pursuit of a separate or unique "time machine" overlooks the reality that our passage through time is a fundamental, ongoing aspect of existence, inseparable from any form of movement.

Universal Expansion is the Receding of Galaxies, Not Space Itself:

Soumendra Nath Thakur

28-10-2924

I see many posts on the expansion of the universe but those posts read like that of someone inspired by a childlike curiosity about the universe, yet lacking a commitment to rigorously studying science and mathematics.

Unfortunately, these posts convey several inaccuracies, largely rooted in a relativistic bias. Observational evidence suggests that dark energy exerts a repulsive effect, opposite to the attractive force of gravity. This repulsion causes isolated galaxies and galactic clusters to move toward the universe's edges, increasing the distance—and thus the space—between these structures. Although this process makes it appear as though the universe is expanding, it does not imply that space within the universe is expanding.

To clarify, we can observe that space within gravitationally bound systems, such as galaxies, remains unaffected by this expansion. The spatial structure within any galaxy, anchored by its central gravitational forces, does not expand. This phenomenon is feasible only if space itself is not expanding; if the entirety of universal space were expanding, we would see expansion occurring universally, including within each galaxy. However, this is not supported by observational data.

In summary, these posts incorrectly imply that space itself is expanding, a misconception driven by relativistic interpretations that treat space-time as a fundamental entity. This overlooks the concept that time emerges as a result of existential events, rather than as an inherent dimension.

#Expansion #UniversalExpansion #expansionofspace

A Supplementary resource (2) for ‘Phase Shift and Infinitesimal Wave Energy Loss Equations'.

Proportional Relationships in Oscillatory Wave Dynamics: Time Shifts and Energy Changes

Soumendra Nath Thakur

28-10-2024

Description: 

This study explores the mathematical relationships between phase shifts in oscillatory wave frequencies and their corresponding time periods and energy changes. The time period associated with a 1° phase shift, denoted as T(deg), is defined as the inverse of the product of 360 and the original frequency f₀. This period is directly proportional to the infinitesimal time shift Δt when f₀ remains constant. Additionally, the change in energy ΔE is expressed as the product of Planck’s constant h, the original frequency f₀, and the infinitesimal time shift Δt, establishing that ΔE is proportional to f₀ and inversely related to Δt. Furthermore, the study presents how the infinitesimal time shift Δtₓ associated with an x° phase shift is directly proportional to x under constant frequency conditions. This paper concludes with key proportional relationships that facilitate a deeper understanding of the dynamics within oscillatory wave systems.

Keywords: Oscillatory waves, phase shift, time period, energy change, Planck's constant, frequency, mathematical relationships, wave dynamics.

Equation Relationship:

Derivation: 

T(deg) = (1/360f₀) = Δt 

The time period corresponding to a 1° phase shift in the wave’s oscillatory frequency, denoted as the time period per degree T(deg), is defined as the inverse of the product of 360 and the wave’s original frequency f₀. This period T(deg) also represents the infinitesimal time shift Δt associated with a 1° phase shift. Consequently, when the wave's original frequency f₀ remains constant, T(deg) is directly proportional to Δt. Thus, T(deg)∝Δt when f₀ is constant.

ΔE = hf₀Δt 

The change in energy, ΔE, is given by the product of Planck’s constant h, the original frequency of the oscillatory wave f₀, and the infinitesimal time shift Δt associated with a 1° phase shift in the wave’s frequency. This relationship implies that ΔE is proportional to the original frequency f₀, and, in turn, f₀ is inversely proportional to the infinitesimal time shift Δt. Therefore, ΔE∝f₀ and f₀∝1/Δ.

Δtₓ = x(1/360f₀) 

The infinitesimal time shift, Δtₓ, associated with an x° phase shift in the wave's oscillatory frequency, is given by the product of the phase shift angle x and the inverse of the product of 360 and the original frequency f₀. This indicates that Δtₓ is directly proportional to the phase shift angle x when the original frequency f₀ remains constant. Therefore, Δtₓ ∝ x when f₀ is constant.

Conclusion:

The time period corresponding to a 1° phase shift in the wave's oscillatory frequency is proportional to the infinitesimal time shift associated with that phase shift, provided the original frequency of the wave remains constant. Additionally, the change in energy is proportional to the original frequency of the oscillatory wave, which is inversely related to the infinitesimal time shift associated with a 1° phase shift. Furthermore, the infinitesimal time shift associated with an x° phase shift in the wave's oscillatory frequency is directly proportional to the phase shift angle x when the original frequency is constant.

• T(deg) ∝ Δt when f₀ is constant.

• ΔE ∝ f₀, f₀ ∝ 1/Δt.

• Δtₓ ∝ x when f₀ is constant.

List of Denotations for Mathematical Terms:

• f₀ or fᴢₑᵣₒ: The original or initial frequency of the oscillatory wave, representing the base frequency at which the wave oscillates.

• h: Planck’s constant, a fundamental physical constant that relates the energy of a photon to its frequency.

• T(deg) or T𝑑𝑒𝑔: The time period corresponding to a 1° phase shift in the wave's oscillatory frequency, indicating the time required for this phase shift.

• x: The phase shift angle in degrees, used to denote a specific phase shift other than 1°, which affects the time increment proportionally.

• ΔE or δE: The change in energy, calculated as the product of Planck’s constant h, the initial frequency f₀, and the infinitesimal time shift Δt.  

• Δt or δt: The infinitesimal time shift (or time distortion) associated with a 1° phase shift in the wave's oscillatory frequency, representing the time increment for a very small phase shift in the oscillation.

• Δtₓ or δtₓ: The infinitesimal time shift (or time distortion) associated with an x° phase shift in the wave's oscillatory frequency, representing the cumulative time increment for a specified phase shift angle x.

Derivation Analysis:

1. Statement 1:

T(deg) = (1/360f₀) = Δt

This equation implies that T(deg), which might represent a time period defined in terms of degrees, is inversely proportional to f₀ (frequency). When f₀ is constant, T(deg) is directly proportional to Δt, which is confirmed by the relationship:

T(deg) ∝ Δt when f₀ is constant.

2. Energy Relationship:

ΔE = hf₀Δt 

Here, ΔE is proportional to the product of f₀ and Δt, not to each variable independently. This means: 

• ΔE depends on the combined effect of f₀ and Δt.

• If f₀ and Δt vary in inverse proportion (i.e., f₀ ∝ 1/Δ), ΔE remains consistent with expected physical behaviour (where higher frequencies correspond to shorter time intervals and vice versa).

3. Frequency-Time Relation:

f₀ ∝ 1/Δt 

This relationship aligns with physical intuition that as frequency f₀ increases, the time interval Δt decreases proportionally. This inverse relationship is essential for the consistency of the expression:

ΔE ∝ f₀, f₀ ∝ 1/Δt. 

4. Scaled Time Interval Δtₓ:

Δtₓ = x (1/360f₀) 

When f₀ is constant, Δtₓ is directly proportional to x, confirming that:

Δtₓ ∝ x when f₀ is constant

Conclusion:

Each statement logically follows from the previous ones, given the inverse relationship f₀ ∝ 1/Δt and the fact that ΔE depends on the product hf₀Δt rather than independently on f₀ or Δt. Thus, the presentation is mathematically consistent, aligning with the physical interpretation that higher frequencies correlate with shorter time intervals.