Dark Energy, Antigravity, and Accelerated Motion in Intergalactic Space: A Clarification:

Soumendra Nath Thakur | June 25, 2025

This post offers a brief clarification in response to questions surrounding mass motion in dark-energy dominated regions and the nature of gravitational interaction in intergalactic space.

1. Scientific Consistency Over Imagination:

Scenarios proposed in cosmological discussion must be causally grounded. Abstract setups that “pop out of nowhere” without physical inevitability dilute scientific discourse. Hypotheticals must arise from underlying mass-energy relationships—not assumptions.

2. Why Gravity Cannot Survive in Dark-Energy Dominated Space:

In vast intergalactic regions, dark energy dominates and exhibits antigravity. This is best described using:

Mɢ = Mᴍ + Mᴅₑ → where Mᴅₑ < 0 (dark energy has effective negative mass)

Here, Mɢ, the gravitational mass, is reduced due to the presence of Mᴅₑ. This leads to a net repulsion—effectively nullifying gravity in such regions.

3. Does Mass Move with Constant Velocity in Such Space?

No. A mass m in intergalactic space does not move uniformly.

Instead, it experiences continuous acceleration, with the potential to exceed light speed (v > c) over cosmological distances. This is a direct result of dark energy’s antigravitational gradient.

4. Dark Energy as Potential Energy:

Dark energy is not arbitrary—it’s a form of potential energy associated with pre-Big Bang conditions. Its manifestation leads to antigravity through:

−ΔPEᴅₑ → +KE

This transformation defines the observed cosmic acceleration. The direction of expansion is not random—it is oriented opposite to the universe's potential origin, explaining why galactic expansion shows large-scale directional consistency.

5. How Does Mass Move in Intergalactic Regions?

Just like galaxies, any mass in dark-energy dominated space will undergo accelerated motion, increasing with its distance from the universe’s potential center. This aligns with ECM principles of effective acceleration (aᵉᶠᶠ) and apparent mass modulation (−ΔMᵃᵖᵖ(r)).

Conclusion:

Gravity doesn't simply fade—it is overtaken by the energetic structure of the cosmos. Dark energy acts through measurable mass-energy transformations, not mystical forces. Antigravity is not fiction; it’s the logical outcome of potential redistribution in a dynamic, expanding universe.

Let the discussion continue—with principles, not assumptions.

— Soumendra Nath Thakur

June 25, 2025

Extended Classical Mechanics (ECM) Statement on Gravitational Mediation of Reversible Mass-Energy Conversion:

Soumendra Nath Thakur | June 25, 2025

In Extended Classical Mechanics (ECM), gravitational force is not limited to curving spacetime or merely attracting masses. Instead, it actively mediates reversible conversions between energy and mass through dynamic interactions that reflect deeper energetic structures.

This interpretation is powerfully supported by Appendix 10 (DOI: http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23866.91849), which reconstructs gravitational conditions in pre-universal phases — where gravitational interactions existed prior to the emergence of rest mass, light, or spacetime. Under such primordial conditions, gravitational fields are treated as energetic gradients capable of triggering mass emergence (ΔMᴍ) from energetic instabilities, and vice versa.

Unified Gravitational-Energetic Mediation (from ECM + Appendix 10 & 12):

1. Mass Emergence via Gravitational-Energetic Thresholds:

   • Appendix 10 shows that gravitational preconditions, when reaching critical thresholds, result in the emergence of mass (Mᴍ) from pure energetic gradients (e.g., from virtual or unbound energy states).

     This supports the ECM idea that:

             ΔMᴍ = hf/c²

     is not just valid locally (Appendix 12), but cosmologically, even pre-universally.

2. Reversibility Across Gravitational Domains:

   • Gravity doesn’t just attract — it regulates mass-energy symmetry and transition. Under acceleration (aᵉᶠᶠ), gravitational input facilitates mass gain (photon absorption); under deceleration (−aᵉᶠᶠ), it facilitates **mass loss** (photon emission), maintaining:

             Eₜₒₜₐₗ = KEᴇᴄᴍ + PEᴇᴄᴍ + ΔMᴍc²

3. Pre-Spacetime Continuity:

   • Appendix 10 also implies that gravitational fields existed before defined spacetime metrics, providing a substrate for energy-mass emergence. This aligns with ECM’s core proposal that mass is an emergent condition of gravitational-energetic interaction, not a fixed, primary constituent.

Formal ECM Proposition (Integrated from Appendix 10 + 12):

Proposition (ECM Gravitational Mediation Principle):

Gravitational interaction in ECM functions as a mediator of reversible mass-energy conversion.

This mediation is governed by effective acceleration (aᵉᶠᶠ) and energetic gradients (−ΔPEᴇᴄᴍ), both in observable domains (Appendix 12) and primordial pre-universal contexts (Appendix 10).

Gravitational force thus not only influences motion, but actively governs mass emergence, loss, and transformation, as part of a continuous energetic field dynamic.