This reconceptualization acknowledges that energy itself, particularly in dynamic or radiative forms like kinetic energy or photon emission, contributes negatively to gravitational interaction through transformations such as −Mᵃᵖᵖ or ΔMᴍ. As a result, the net gravitating mass of a system may become positive, negative, or even null, depending on its internal energy configuration and frequency characteristics.
Such a framework allows ECM to consistently explain repulsive gravitational phenomena, such as those observed in dark energy-driven cosmic expansion or photon deflection in curved space, without violating conservation laws. By integrating effective gravitational acceleration (gᵉᶠᶠ) and frequency-based mass modulation, ECM extends classical and relativistic models to include gravitational polarity as a real, measurable consequence of internal dynamics—not as an abstract extension or speculative hypothesis.
This shift from a static to a dynamic view of mass and gravity provides a unified explanation for attraction and repulsion within a single formalism, offering deeper coherence across classical mechanics, quantum physics, and cosmology.
