29 July 2023

Lorentz transformation, but mass cannot be transformed into another form:

It's nice to say that where there's mass, there's energy, but not always it's actually the opposite.

Because some forms of energy exist without being converted into mass. such as massless energetic subatomic particles, such as photons.

A photon absorbed by an electron is not converted into mass but remains there as electron energy, without changing the electron's mass.

Mass is converted into energy by nuclear reactions of atoms, especially through fission and fusion, or spontaneous radioactive decay in unstable atoms.

Otherwise, mass is not converted to pure energy without nuclear reactions but instead energy is stored in the mass without consideration of the wave speed.

In mass-energy conversion, 1 kg m^2/sec^2 mass of energy is called 1 Joule. Thus, the Joule is a derived unit of energy in SI units.

The electron volt (eV) is a unit of energy.

1 eV = 1.6 * 10^-19 J.

In particular, small amounts of mass are turned into energy from the breaking up through fission, or by combination through fusion of the nuclei of atoms. 

Even spontaneous radioactive decay converts some mass into incredible amounts of energy.

In conclusion, Lorentz's transformation of mass into another form is physically false.

Experiment made with piezoelectric film sensors:

When a mechanical force is applied to the piezoelectric film sensor, the seismic mass loads the piezoelectric element according to Newton's second law of motion F=ma. The force applied to the piezoelectric material is observed in the change in electrostatic force or voltage generated by the piezoelectric material.




Planck Equation and Wave motion:

Planck's equation doesn't define electromagnetic wave motion, but Planck units do, and the energy description invokes wave motion.

Planck units are a set of units of measurement defined exclusively in terms of four universal physical constants. Originally proposed by the German physicist Max Planck in 1899, these units are a system of natural units because their definition is based on properties of nature. It may be mentioned here that Einstein first published his special theory of relativity in 1905, which describes his revolutionary ideas about light, time and energy.

The four universal constants, by definition, have a numerical value of 1 when expressed in these units:
  1. Speed of light in vacuum, c,
  2. Gravitational constant, G,
  3. Reduced Planck constant, ħ, and
  4. Boltzmann constant, kB.
• Planck length = ℓP = L ≈ 1.61626 × 10^−35 m; 
• Planck time = tP = T ≈ 5.391247 × 10^−44 s; 
• ℓP/tP is the ratio of the Planck length to the Planck time;

Since, ℓP/tP = (1.61626 × 10^−35 m) / (5.391247 × 10^−44 s);

1. To divide two numbers in scientific notation, we subtract the exponents of the 10 and divide the coefficients:

2. Coefficient: (1.61626) / (5.391247) ≈ 0.299792458

3. Exponent: (10^(-35)) / (10^(-44)) = 10^(-35 - (-44)) = 10^9

4. So the simplified value is approximately:

5. 0.299792458 × 10^9 m/s

6. Now, we recognize that this is the speed of light in a vacuum, which is denoted by 'c':

7. c ≈ 2.99792458 × 10^8 m/s

8. So, the simplified expression is:

9. (1.61626 × 10^−35 m) / (5.391247 × 10^−44 s) ≈ 2.99792458 × 10^8 m/s;

The ratio of the Planck length to the Planck time (ℓP/tP) yields a value to the speed of light in a vacuum, c;


This is a fundamental constant in physics and is denoted by 'c'.