A question in wavelength of photon having no mass:

Some Micha Markovic questioned, "when I think of light it helps me to think of it as either wavelength or particle but never both at the same time. I see Hubble red-shift as wavelength, like a spring that is getting stretched out due to inflation of space. Now what happens to photons in the same scenario? They probably loose context and get further apart thus lowering their combined energy as perceived by stationary objects. Never thought of this much because I mostly think of light as wavelength."

Replied -

Micha Markovic Everything in this universe, irrespective in the energy forms or matter forms, are considered as vibration or frequency. Each atoms in our body consonantly vibrating, energy is ultimately a manifestation of vibration.

The famous equation E = mc² is a mass - energy equivalence equation. Planck's equation E= hf= h*c/λ represents energy-frequency equivalence.

So irrespective of 'energy form' or 'material form,' each and every real entities in the universe are actually manifestation of vibration (frequency).

A mechanical clock, or crystal clock or atomic clock - all of them consisting of oscillators - built with materials having vibrating atoms, all these atoms and materials subject to influence by gravity as well as external energy and their vibrations change according to the external force applied on them, all form of clocks subject to influence by the gravity - known as mechanical stress due to gravitational force, cause wavelength change - enlargement when gravity is less..

Sound waves, are mechanical waves, its frequency between 20Hz and 20KHz, and its wavelength is between 17 m and 17 mm, travels at the speed of 343 m/s. Sound waves carry a small amount of mass with them as they travel.The kinetic energy of the moving material particle E = (mv²)/2 Joules, where its potential energy=0. They always travel as mechanical waves.

The wavelength (λ) of that mass-energy wave is directly proportional to the time period (T) of the wave derives the equation λ∝T, we get the wave corresponds to time shift, e.g. 1° phase shift on a 5 MHz wave corresponds to a time shift of 555 picoseconds. 

• t=1/f.
  f = 5000000 Hz; 1° phase shift = t/360.
  t (deg) = (1/f)/360 = (1/5000000)/360
  = (5.55x10^-10) = 555 Picosecond.
  

This, one can experimentally observe in an electronic laboratory while measuring gravitational effect on piezoelectric crystals. This is called wavelength dilation - when gravitational effect is less.

Whereas, a photon itself is a vibrating, energetic particle; also behaves like wave, much more flexible to gravitational influence, so its influence through gravity is more, this causes red shift of the photon's oscillation - when out of a gravitational well, undisputed.

 

#WavelengthDilation

Fundamental error in the equation T' = T√ (1-V²/C²) of time dilation.

The error in the equation T' = T√ (1-V²/C²) is that T can never be interfered with or influenced or interacted by any real event to get T' (Time Dilation). It would be illegal operation to interfered with the conceptual, uniformed and also irreversible succession of time (T). 

T and T' can be two different values of time, but T' cannot be obtained by modifying T by any real influence or real interaction or real speed or anything real, simply for the reason that time (as fourth dimensional concept) is not intractable by anything in reality. Events can only invoke time.

 

Grounds:

1. The time dilation equation itself is a misapplication. .
2. Time dilation as in Special Relativity Contradicts some interpretation of General relativity when considering a photon's red shifting..
3. In laboratories, we get the wave corresponds to time shift, e.g. 1° phase shift on a 5 MHz wave corresponds to a time shift of 555 picoseconds.
t=1/f.
f = 5000000 Hz; 1° phase shift = t/360.
t (deg) = (1/f)/360 = (1/5000000)/360
= 555 Picoseconds.
This, one can experimentally observe in an electronic laboratory while measuring gravitational effect on piezoelectric crystals. This is called wavelength dilation - when gravitational potential is less.
4. The equation E = mc² - a mass-energy equivalence equation. And Planck's equation E= hf= h*c/λ represents energy-frequency equivalence. These derives λ∝T - when λ is real entity hence dilatable, and T is conceptual entity and not intractable by real influences. This makes Wavelength Dilation and results respective values of T, but such variable values of T are not because of its own dilation rather dilation of the λ making time dilation invalid.
5. The succession of time is conceptual, irreversible (in its uniformed scale), in case of a clock dial; sixty uniformed divisions of seconds need to be within a circle of 360° exactly, it cannot be > 360° (to accommodate time dilation), nor can be < 360° (to accommodate time reduction.)

Relevance: Mechanical Stress due to Gravitational force (g-force): Wavelength Dilation:

Reference: Frequency and Time relationship. 

Soumendra Nath Thakur 

 

#TimeDilation #WavelengthDilation #MechanicalStreet #GravitationalForce

A glimpse of the universe throughout the Big Bang:

It is necessary to consider that the space within a galaxy does not expand. The galaxies are gravitationally bound from within their respective centres, therefore, the light that reaching our eyes form the stars within our galaxy don't experience any such effect that may have caused due to the expansion of space. Besides, there is a zero gravity sphere around all the galaxies, the space beyond that can only expand. Only the space between the galaxies expands due to the effect of mysterious dark energy.
 
However, the rate of expansion is greater as we approach towards the edge of the visible universe. At the edge of the visible universe the galaxies are receding faster than the speed of light and entering into the invisible universe for ever. Light from such distance can never reach us.

Moreover, the age of the universe is known to be 13.8 billion years and the universe has expanded much more than 46.5 billion 'light years' during that time, but the visibility of light is to the extend of 46.5 billion light years, beyond that light cannot reach us, as the invisible universe starts there.

Therefore, since the expansion of space was much faster than the speed of light during inflation, so some form of signals from that originating location still can reach us where our visibility is extended till the boundary of invisibility at 46.5 billion light years.

Furthermore, we are not located at the edge of the universe but more within it, as such some form of signal originated during 13.8 light years ago can still reach us; as space expanded much faster than the speed of light during that inflation of the universal space, making some of those originating energy slower than us and to reach us late.

In this sense, though there is no definite centre of the present Universe, but the point of the Big Bang may be considered the centre point of the Universe, which we have left 13.8 billion years ago.

 Read What was there before the Big Bang?

 

Those Laws of Physics are fragile if based on time, as the concept of time itself is fragile in reality.

Time is indeed a concept and not a real entity as existential events invoke time. What one sees on a clock is the real representation of conceptual time.

Moreover, time does not occupy any of the three perceptible dimensions of space - length, breadth, depth - rather time can prevail in imperceptible, fourth dimensional state, when a lower, three dimensional reality within space would have no influence on time, only such three dimensional existential events can invoke time. The succession of time is irreversible, independent from any external, existential influence within three dimensional space.

Time is more of an abstract concept; like the abstraction in Mathematics - the process of extracting the underlying structures, patterns or properties of a mathematical concept, removing any dependence on real world objects with which it might originally have been connected.

It is wrong to interpret that Time is a real thing. Rather time is a concept.

 Read What was there before the Big Bang?

 

What was there before the Big Bang?

Before we understanding what was there before the Big Bang, one needs to know the respective conditions before and after the Big Bang so as to enable us to realise what was there before the Big Bang. 

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) of the Universe as seen from the Planck satellite.

The Big Bang, we know, was the event of rapid expansion of space, known as inflation, from a point like state, corresponding distribution of ultra hot, dense primordial energy in infinite gravity, and the beginning of time. 

1. The above phenomenon conveys the formation of three dimensional space out of a no-dimensional point.
2. The phenomenon also conveys distribution and corresponding cooling of the energy that formed the present visible, as well as invisible universe we inhibit, however the energy behind the rapid expansion of the space seems absent in the Big Bang model (or may be not clearly known to me but it is certain that some dominating energy there required to counter-act the infinite gravity at the 0th  second of the Big Bang). [As far as cosmologists can tell, the mysterious force behind the accelerated expansion of the universe, a force that we call dark energy, remains constant. But it may not have done so in the past.(ref#1) The Universe is approximately 13.8 billion years old. However, The acceleration of this expansion due to dark energy began after the universe was already over 7.7 billion years old (5.4 billion years ago) (ref#2).]
   
3. Since the Big Bang was the beginning of the events in the primordial existence of energy, so reasonably it was the beginning of time too, (as for time to exist, both existence and events are necessary, and existence without events won't invoke time).
   

Therefore, from the above said items (1 to 3) or phenomenon. It is obvious that before the Big Bang there was no dimension or the absence of three dimensional space (but it may or may not be a lower dimension).

Moreover, we are three dimensional lives and we can perceive things between one and three dimensions that too when these dimensions existing within our three dimensional space. And.

If the universe was in no-dimensional point or in one dimensional state and without space, such an universe would be a meaningless proposition  to us.

References:
#1 https://www.space.com/universe-age-14-billion-years-old
#2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation_(cosmology)