12 August 2024

Reinterpreting Time Dilation as an Error in Time: Preserving the Constancy of the Speed of Light


Soumendra Nath Thakur
12-08-2024

Abstract

The concept of time dilation, traditionally understood within the framework of relativity, is reinterpreted as an error in the measurement or perception of time rather than a genuine physical phenomenon. By analysing the wave equation λ = cT, where λ is the wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period, it is contended that dilation in T introduces inconsistencies in the equation by potentially violating the constancy of c. Instead, this dilation can be better understood as an error in T, leading to a consistent interpretation where the speed of light remains invariant. The discussion demonstrates that errors in time measurement result in apparent discrepancies in λ and T without altering the fundamental constants, thereby maintaining the integrity of the wave equation. This perspective challenges the conventional view of time dilation and suggests that it may be more accurately described as an error in time, preserving the natural progression of time and the invariance of the speed of light.

Keywords: Time Dilation, Error in Time, Wave Equation, Speed of Light Constancy, Relativity,

Comment: Events necessitate the existence of time, rather than time dictating the occurrence of events. The very notion of time emerges only through the presence of events; without events - i.e., without changes in existence - time would hold no significance. In a hypothetical scenario devoid of events, where no change occurs in existence, time would not manifest. Time is, therefore, inherently tied to the occurrence of events, marking the changes within existence. The initiation of the universe, as proposed by the Big Bang, represents the first event, signifying the inception of time itself.

Introduction

The phenomenon of time dilation, a cornerstone of Einstein's theory of relativity, has been widely accepted as a real physical effect observed under high velocities or strong gravitational fields. This concept suggests that time can slow down relative to an observer in motion compared to a stationary one, leading to measurable differences in the passage of time. However, upon closer examination, particularly through the lens of the wave equation λ = cT, where λ represents wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period, it becomes evident that this dilation might introduce inconsistencies if interpreted as a fundamental dilation in time.

This study reconsiders time dilation not as a true physical alteration but as an error in the measurement or perception of time. By exploring the relationship between wavelength and time period, and recognizing the constancy of the speed of light, we propose that what is observed as time dilation could instead be an artefact of errors in time measurement. This reinterpretation preserves the invariance of the speed of light and maintains the integrity of the wave equation, offering a new perspective on a well-established concept.

Method

To reinterpret time dilation as an error in time while preserving the constancy of the speed of light, the following method was employed:

1. Review of Fundamental Equations:

• Analyse the fundamental wave equation λ = cT, where λ is the wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period.
• Examine how changes in T affect λ under the assumption that c remains constant.

2. Analysis of Time Dilation:

• Define time dilation in terms of the Lorentz factor γ = 1/√(1 - v²/c²), where T′ = γT represents the dilated time period observed in a relativistic frame.
• Substitute T′ into the wave equation to explore the implications: λ = cT′ = cγT.

3. Identification of Inconsistencies:

• Evaluate how substituting T′ = γT affects the equation λ = cT′. Assess whether this substitution suggests a change in the speed of light, thus violating its constancy.
• Identify any discrepancies introduced by assuming time dilation represents a true physical change.

4. Alternative Interpretation:

• Propose that observed time dilation could be due to errors in time measurement rather than actual changes in the nature of time.
• Formulate an error-based model where the observed time period T′ includes an error term: T′ = T + error in T.

5. Validation of the Error Model:

• Substitute the error-based time period T′=T + error in T into the wave equation: λ′ = c(T + error in T).
• Verify that this model maintains the constancy of the speed of light c and provides a consistent explanation of observed discrepancies in λ and T.

6. Comparison with Relativistic Predictions:

• Compare the results of the error-based model with traditional relativistic predictions to assess alignment with empirical data.
• Evaluate whether the reinterpretation offers a viable alternative to conventional time dilation explanations while preserving the fundamental principles of relativity.

By employing this method, we aim to provide a coherent reinterpretation of time dilation as an error in time, ensuring that the speed of light remains constant and the wave equation is consistently applied.

Mathematical Presentation: 

1. Basic Wave Equation

The fundamental wave equation is:

λ = cT

where:
• λ is the wavelength,
• c is the speed of light in a vacuum (constant),
• T is the time period of the wave.

2. Relativistic Time Dilation

In relativity, the time period T observed in a moving frame is related to the time period T in the source's rest frame by:

T′ = γT

where:
• T′ is the dilated time period observed in the moving frame,
• γ is the Lorentz factor given by γ = 1/√(1 - v²/c²),
• v is the relative velocity between the observer and the source.

Substituting T′ into the wave equation yields:

λ = cT′

λ = c⋅(γT)

λ = cγT

3. Inconsistency of Time Dilation

If time dilation T′ = γT is true, then:

λ = cγT

This suggests that the speed of light c would need to adjust to maintain consistency, implying:

c′ = λ/T′

c′ = λ/γT

where c′ is the apparent speed of light in the moving frame. If c′ ≠ c, this would violate the principle that c is constant across all inertial frames.

4. Error-Based Model

To address the inconsistency, we propose that what is observed as time dilation might actually be an error in time measurement. Thus:

T′ = T + error in T

Let error in T = ΔT, so:

T′ = T+ΔT

Substitute T′ into the wave equation:

λ′ = cT′

λ′ = c(T + ΔT)

λ′ = cT + cΔT

Here, λ′ is the observed wavelength incorporating the error. The speed of light c remains constant.

5. Maintaining the Speed of Light

In this error-based model:

λ = cT

λ′ = cT + cΔT

The equation for the apparent speed of light remains:

c = λ′/T′

c = (cT+cΔT)/(T+ΔT)

Simplifying:

c = c(T+ΔT)/(T+ΔT)

c = c

Thus, the constancy of the speed of light c is preserved.

Conclusion: By reinterpreting time dilation as an error in the measurement of time, the equation λ = cT remains consistent and the speed of light c remains invariant. This approach addresses the inconsistencies introduced by assuming time dilation represents a true physical change and maintains the fundamental principles of relativity.

Discussion: 

Overview

Time dilation, as predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity, suggests that time measured in a moving frame will appear to slow down compared to a stationary observer. This phenomenon has been validated through numerous experiments and observations, yet it introduces complex implications for fundamental equations, especially those involving the speed of light. In this discussion, we explore a reinterpretation of time dilation as an error in the measurement or perception of time rather than a genuine physical alteration of time, aiming to preserve the constancy of the speed of light.

Fundamental Wave Equation

The wave equation λ = cT where λ represents wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period, forms the basis for understanding how time dilation impacts wavelength. According to this equation, if T changes, λ should change proportionally, assuming c remains constant.

Relativistic Time Dilation

Relativistic time dilation is described by the Lorentz factor γ = 1/√(1 - v²/c²), leading to the dilated time period T′ = γT. Substituting T′ into the wave equation gives:

λ = cT′

λ = cγT

This substitution suggests that the wavelength λ should increase by a factor of γ if time is dilated. However, this implies that c would need to adjust to maintain the equation's validity, leading to an apparent inconsistency with the principle that c is constant.

Identifying Inconsistencies

The assumption of time dilation implies:

λ = cγT

which introduces a potential variation in the speed of light c:

c′ = λ/T′ 

c′ = λ/λT

Since c is a fundamental constant of nature, any observed change c′ ≠ c would violate the principle of its invariance. This inconsistency highlights the need to reconsider the nature of time dilation.

Error-Based Model

To resolve this inconsistency, we propose that time dilation may not represent a true physical phenomenon but rather an error in the measurement of time. This error-based model suggests:

T′ = T + error in T

where error in T = ΔT. The adjusted equation is:

λ′ = c(T + ΔT)

λ′ = cT + cΔT

This model maintains the constancy of c and explains observed discrepancies as errors rather than alterations in the physical nature of time. The observed wavelength λ′ includes a correction term for the error, ensuring that the speed of light remains unchanged.

Preserving the Speed of Light

Using the error-based model:

λ′ = cT+cΔT

Substituting this into the relationship for c:

c = λ′/T′

c = (cT+cΔT)/(T + ΔT)

c = c

The constancy of c is preserved, as the apparent speed of light remains equal to the true speed of light. This demonstrates that the observed changes in λ and T can be attributed to measurement errors, rather than real changes in the properties of light or time.

Conclusion: By reinterpreting time dilation as an error in the measurement or perception of time, we address the inconsistencies that arise from the traditional relativistic interpretation. This approach preserves the constancy of the speed of light and maintains the fundamental integrity of the wave equation λ = cT. It offers a coherent explanation for observed discrepancies, providing a new perspective on the nature of time dilation and its implications for the laws of physics.

Conclusion

The reinterpretation of time dilation as an error in the measurement or perception of time, rather than a true physical phenomenon, offers a compelling resolution to inconsistencies observed in the wave equation λ = cT. By analysing the implications of time dilation through the lens of this equation, we find that traditional relativistic interpretations may introduce potential discrepancies in the constancy of the speed of light c.

Our proposed error-based model suggests that observed dilations in time T′ can be attributed to measurement errors rather than actual changes in the nature of time. This model maintains the invariance of c, aligning with the fundamental principles of relativity and preserving the integrity of the wave equation. By incorporating an error term into the time period, we can account for observed deviations without altering the constant nature of the speed of light.

This reinterpretation provides a coherent explanation for the observed phenomena, preserving the fundamental postulates of physics while offering a new perspective on the nature of time and its measurement. It underscores the importance of distinguishing between actual physical changes and measurement errors, ensuring that core physical constants, such as the speed of light, remain consistent across all frames of reference.

References:

Reinterpreting Time Dilation as an Error in Time: Preserving the Constancy of the Speed of Light


Soumendra Nath Thakur
12-08-2024

Abstract

The concept of time dilation, traditionally understood within the framework of relativity, is reinterpreted as an error in the measurement or perception of time rather than a genuine physical phenomenon. By analysing the wave equation λ = cT, where λ is the wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period, it is contended that dilation in T introduces inconsistencies in the equation by potentially violating the constancy of c. Instead, this dilation can be better understood as an error in T, leading to a consistent interpretation where the speed of light remains invariant. The discussion demonstrates that errors in time measurement result in apparent discrepancies in λ and T without altering the fundamental constants, thereby maintaining the integrity of the wave equation. This perspective challenges the conventional view of time dilation and suggests that it may be more accurately described as an error in time, preserving the natural progression of time and the invariance of the speed of light.

Keywords: Time Dilation, Error in Time, Wave Equation, Speed of Light Constancy, Relativity,

Comment: Events necessitate the existence of time, rather than time dictating the occurrence of events. The very notion of time emerges only through the presence of events; without events - i.e., without changes in existence - time would hold no significance. In a hypothetical scenario devoid of events, where no change occurs in existence, time would not manifest. Time is, therefore, inherently tied to the occurrence of events, marking the changes within existence. The initiation of the universe, as proposed by the Big Bang, represents the first event, signifying the inception of time itself.

Introduction

The phenomenon of time dilation, a cornerstone of Einstein's theory of relativity, has been widely accepted as a real physical effect observed under high velocities or strong gravitational fields. This concept suggests that time can slow down relative to an observer in motion compared to a stationary one, leading to measurable differences in the passage of time. However, upon closer examination, particularly through the lens of the wave equation λ = cT, where λ represents wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period, it becomes evident that this dilation might introduce inconsistencies if interpreted as a fundamental dilation in time.

This study reconsiders time dilation not as a true physical alteration but as an error in the measurement or perception of time. By exploring the relationship between wavelength and time period, and recognizing the constancy of the speed of light, we propose that what is observed as time dilation could instead be an artefact of errors in time measurement. This reinterpretation preserves the invariance of the speed of light and maintains the integrity of the wave equation, offering a new perspective on a well-established concept.

Method

To reinterpret time dilation as an error in time while preserving the constancy of the speed of light, the following method was employed:

1. Review of Fundamental Equations:

• Analyse the fundamental wave equation λ = cT, where λ is the wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period.
• Examine how changes in T affect λ under the assumption that c remains constant.

2. Analysis of Time Dilation:

• Define time dilation in terms of the Lorentz factor γ = 1/√(1 - v²/c²), where T′ = γT represents the dilated time period observed in a relativistic frame.
• Substitute T′ into the wave equation to explore the implications: λ = cT′ = cγT.

3. Identification of Inconsistencies:

• Evaluate how substituting T′ = γT affects the equation λ = cT′. Assess whether this substitution suggests a change in the speed of light, thus violating its constancy.
• Identify any discrepancies introduced by assuming time dilation represents a true physical change.

4. Alternative Interpretation:

• Propose that observed time dilation could be due to errors in time measurement rather than actual changes in the nature of time.
• Formulate an error-based model where the observed time period T′ includes an error term: T′ = T + error in T.

5. Validation of the Error Model:

• Substitute the error-based time period T′=T + error in T into the wave equation: λ′ = c(T + error in T).
• Verify that this model maintains the constancy of the speed of light c and provides a consistent explanation of observed discrepancies in λ and T.

6. Comparison with Relativistic Predictions:

• Compare the results of the error-based model with traditional relativistic predictions to assess alignment with empirical data.
• Evaluate whether the reinterpretation offers a viable alternative to conventional time dilation explanations while preserving the fundamental principles of relativity.

By employing this method, we aim to provide a coherent reinterpretation of time dilation as an error in time, ensuring that the speed of light remains constant and the wave equation is consistently applied.

Mathematical Presentation: 

1. Basic Wave Equation

The fundamental wave equation is:

λ = cT

where:
• λ is the wavelength,
• c is the speed of light in a vacuum (constant),
• T is the time period of the wave.

2. Relativistic Time Dilation

In relativity, the time period T observed in a moving frame is related to the time period T in the source's rest frame by:

T′ = γT

where:
• T′ is the dilated time period observed in the moving frame,
• γ is the Lorentz factor given by γ = 1/√(1 - v²/c²),
• v is the relative velocity between the observer and the source.

Substituting T′ into the wave equation yields:

λ = cT′

λ = c⋅(γT)

λ = cγT

3. Inconsistency of Time Dilation

If time dilation T′ = γT is true, then:

λ = cγT

This suggests that the speed of light c would need to adjust to maintain consistency, implying:

c′ = λ/T′

c′ = λ/γT

where c′ is the apparent speed of light in the moving frame. If c′ ≠ c, this would violate the principle that c is constant across all inertial frames.

4. Error-Based Model

To address the inconsistency, we propose that what is observed as time dilation might actually be an error in time measurement. Thus:

T′ = T + error in T

Let error in T = ΔT, so:

T′ = T+ΔT

Substitute T′ into the wave equation:

λ′ = cT′

λ′ = c(T + ΔT)

λ′ = cT + cΔT

Here, λ′ is the observed wavelength incorporating the error. The speed of light c remains constant.

5. Maintaining the Speed of Light

In this error-based model:

λ = cT

λ′ = cT + cΔT

The equation for the apparent speed of light remains:

c = λ′/T′

c = (cT+cΔT)/(T+ΔT)

Simplifying:

c = c(T+ΔT)/(T+ΔT)

c = c

Thus, the constancy of the speed of light c is preserved.

Conclusion: By reinterpreting time dilation as an error in the measurement of time, the equation λ = cT remains consistent and the speed of light c remains invariant. This approach addresses the inconsistencies introduced by assuming time dilation represents a true physical change and maintains the fundamental principles of relativity.

Discussion: 

Overview

Time dilation, as predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity, suggests that time measured in a moving frame will appear to slow down compared to a stationary observer. This phenomenon has been validated through numerous experiments and observations, yet it introduces complex implications for fundamental equations, especially those involving the speed of light. In this discussion, we explore a reinterpretation of time dilation as an error in the measurement or perception of time rather than a genuine physical alteration of time, aiming to preserve the constancy of the speed of light.

Fundamental Wave Equation

The wave equation λ = cT where λ represents wavelength, c is the speed of light, and T is the time period, forms the basis for understanding how time dilation impacts wavelength. According to this equation, if T changes, λ should change proportionally, assuming c remains constant.

Relativistic Time Dilation

Relativistic time dilation is described by the Lorentz factor γ = 1/√(1 - v²/c²), leading to the dilated time period T′ = γT. Substituting T′ into the wave equation gives:

λ = cT′

λ = cγT

This substitution suggests that the wavelength λ should increase by a factor of γ if time is dilated. However, this implies that c would need to adjust to maintain the equation's validity, leading to an apparent inconsistency with the principle that c is constant.

Identifying Inconsistencies

The assumption of time dilation implies:

λ = cγT

which introduces a potential variation in the speed of light c:

c′ = λ/T′ 

c′ = λ/λT

Since c is a fundamental constant of nature, any observed change c′ ≠ c would violate the principle of its invariance. This inconsistency highlights the need to reconsider the nature of time dilation.

Error-Based Model

To resolve this inconsistency, we propose that time dilation may not represent a true physical phenomenon but rather an error in the measurement of time. This error-based model suggests:

T′ = T + error in T

where error in T = ΔT. The adjusted equation is:

λ′ = c(T + ΔT)

λ′ = cT + cΔT

This model maintains the constancy of c and explains observed discrepancies as errors rather than alterations in the physical nature of time. The observed wavelength λ′ includes a correction term for the error, ensuring that the speed of light remains unchanged.

Preserving the Speed of Light

Using the error-based model:

λ′ = cT+cΔT

Substituting this into the relationship for c:

c = λ′/T′

c = (cT+cΔT)/(T + ΔT)

c = c

The constancy of c is preserved, as the apparent speed of light remains equal to the true speed of light. This demonstrates that the observed changes in λ and T can be attributed to measurement errors, rather than real changes in the properties of light or time.

Conclusion: By reinterpreting time dilation as an error in the measurement or perception of time, we address the inconsistencies that arise from the traditional relativistic interpretation. This approach preserves the constancy of the speed of light and maintains the fundamental integrity of the wave equation λ = cT. It offers a coherent explanation for observed discrepancies, providing a new perspective on the nature of time dilation and its implications for the laws of physics.

Conclusion

The reinterpretation of time dilation as an error in the measurement or perception of time, rather than a true physical phenomenon, offers a compelling resolution to inconsistencies observed in the wave equation λ = cT. By analysing the implications of time dilation through the lens of this equation, we find that traditional relativistic interpretations may introduce potential discrepancies in the constancy of the speed of light c.

Our proposed error-based model suggests that observed dilations in time T′ can be attributed to measurement errors rather than actual changes in the nature of time. This model maintains the invariance of c, aligning with the fundamental principles of relativity and preserving the integrity of the wave equation. By incorporating an error term into the time period, we can account for observed deviations without altering the constant nature of the speed of light.

This reinterpretation provides a coherent explanation for the observed phenomena, preserving the fundamental postulates of physics while offering a new perspective on the nature of time and its measurement. It underscores the importance of distinguishing between actual physical changes and measurement errors, ensuring that core physical constants, such as the speed of light, remain consistent across all frames of reference.

References:

11 August 2024

The Interplay of Electromagnetic and Gravitational Interactions: Photon Energy Dynamics in Strong Gravitational Fields.


Soumendra Nath Thakur
11-08-2024

Photon energy dynamics in strong gravitational fields illustrate how electromagnetic and gravitational fields interact. Despite changes in photon energy due to gravitational effects, the total energy of the photon remains consistent with its initial value. This reflects that while gravity can affect how energy is perceived or experienced by photons, it does not alter the fundamental total energy when considering these effects.

In strong gravitational fields, the symmetrical behaviour of photons includes changes in energy, momentum, and wavelength. Gravitational redshift and blueshift, which represent opposite shifts in wavelength, demonstrate how gravity influences photon behaviour in a balanced way.

The analysis shows that the total photon energy remains constant when considering gravitational effects, highlighting the interplay between electromagnetic radiation and gravitational fields without implying a direct interaction between these fundamental forces.

Equational Presentation:

The interplay between electromagnetic and gravitational fields in photon energy dynamics is characterized by several key points:

Energy Equivalence: Despite gravitational effects altering photon energy, the total photon energy in a gravitational field remains equivalent to its initial energy. This is shown by the equation Eg = E+ΔE = E−ΔE, which highlights that gravitational influence changes the photon’s energy but keeps the total energy consistent.

Symmetry in Dynamics: Photon dynamics in strong gravitational fields exhibit symmetrical behaviour between energy, momentum, and wavelength. Gravitational redshift and blueshift represent opposite shifts in wavelength, illustrating how gravity impacts photon energy and momentum in a balanced manner.

Algebraic Consistency: The algebraic analysis confirms that gravitational effects do not alter the total photon energy but reflect the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and gravitational fields. The result Eg = E after accounting for changes in energy supports this.

Overall, photon energy dynamics in strong gravitational fields demonstrate how gravitational fields affect electromagnetic radiation, emphasizing the complex interaction without implying a direct interaction between the fundamental forces themselves.

Conclusion:

1. Photon Energy Dynamics: Photon energy dynamics in strong gravitational fields involve an interplay between electromagnetic radiation and gravitational fields. The total photon energy remains consistent with its initial value despite the gravitational effects such as redshift and blueshift.

2. Symmetrical Behaviour: The symmetrical nature of photon behaviour under gravity is acknowledged, with gravitational redshift and blueshift representing balanced changes in wavelength.

3. Interaction of Forces: The response clarifies that while gravitational effects influence photon behaviour, they do not imply a direct interaction between gravitational and electromagnetic forces but rather show how gravity impacts photon characteristics.

This conclusion aligns with the understanding that photon energy dynamics are affected by gravitational fields while maintaining consistency with the initial energy, without directly implying a fundamental interaction between gravitational and electromagnetic forces.

Roles of Coordinate Systems, Spatial Framework, and Events in Spatial Analysis:


Soumendra Nath Thakur

11-08-2024

Coordinate systems are abstract mathematical constructs used to specify locations and relationships within a given framework. The spatial framework, a conceptual attribute, defines spatial dimensions like length, height, and width. Events, which involve physical transformations, are described within this framework. The intrinsic attributes of space remain unchanged, making the framework of space constant and independent of the coordinate systems applied.

The framework of space, on the other hand, is a conceptual framework designed to understand spatial dimensions. This framework is not a physical entity but rather a fundamental attribute that defines the spatial domain within which coordinate systems operate. It encompasses the dimensions of length, height, and width, and remains constant regardless of the coordinate system used.

Events represent actual occurrences or changes that take place within this spatial framework. They involve transformations in the physical world, such as alterations in material objects, and are described within the context of the spatial dimensions defined by the framework of space. While coordinate systems and the conceptual framework of space provide the means to describe and analyse these events, the intrinsic attributes of space—length, height, and width—remain unchanged. Thus, the framework of space remains constant and independent of the coordinate systems applied, while events are phenomena that occur within this unchanging framework.

From the descriptions of coordinate systems, spatial framework, and events, it is clear that coordinate systems are abstract mathematical constructs used to specify locations and relationships within a given framework. As such, they are not subject to changes due to external effects; they serve merely as tools for representation, measurement, and analysis.

Thus events change with time coordinates or progress, but intrinsic space attributes remain constant. Coordinate systems and spatial framework remain independent of physical effects, allowing for analysis and description of events.

Conclusion:

In spatial analysis, coordinate systems, spatial frameworks, and events each play distinct roles. Coordinate systems are abstract mathematical constructs that facilitate the specification of locations and relationships within a given framework. They are not influenced by external factors and serve primarily as tools for representation and analysis.

The spatial framework, while a conceptual construct rather than a physical entity, defines the spatial dimensions such as length, height, and width. It provides the context within which coordinate systems operate and remains constant regardless of the coordinate systems used.

Events, on the other hand, are actual occurrences or changes in the physical world that happen within this spatial framework. They involve physical transformations and are described through the spatial dimensions defined by the framework.

Thus, while coordinate systems and the conceptual framework of space provide the means to describe and analyse events, the intrinsic attributes of space—length, height, and width—remain unchanged. Events may vary due to physical effects, but the spatial framework and coordinate systems themselves are constant and independent of these changes.

From the above observations, it is evident that events change only with the time coordinate or as time progresses. While coordinate systems and the conceptual framework of space provide the tools to describe and analyse these events, the intrinsic attributes of space—length, height, and width—remain constant. Although events may vary due to physical effects, the spatial framework and coordinate systems themselves remain unaffected and independent of these changes.

This conclusion is coherent and consistent with the descriptions provided. It effectively summarizes the roles of coordinate systems, the spatial framework, and events in spatial analysis, emphasizing the constancy and independence of the spatial framework and coordinate systems despite changes in events. The conclusion aligns with the earlier discussion that differentiates between the abstract mathematical nature of coordinate systems, the conceptual nature of the spatial framework, and the physical nature of events. It also reaffirms that while events may change due to physical effects, the intrinsic attributes of space and the coordinate systems used to describe them remain unaffected.

The above observations convey evidence that events change primarily with the time coordinate or as time progresses. While coordinate systems and the conceptual framework of space provide tools to describe and analyse these events, the intrinsic attributes of space—length, height, and width—remain constant. Although events may vary due to physical effects, the spatial framework and coordinate systems themselves remain unaffected and independent of these changes. This underscores the idea that the concept of curvature in spacetime may be misunderstood or misapplied, as it is the existential events that change, not the coordinate system or the framework of spacetime itself.