A photon is a gauge boson, a carrier of electromagnetic force. Therefore, the energy of any electromagnetic wave is driven only by photon energy. As information is carried by photons—information transmitted through electromagnetic communication, observed redshifts or blueshifts, and spectra—all carry different information.
The use of redshift and blueshift or radial velocity to study dynamic objects such as binary stars orbiting each other, the rotation of galaxies, the motion of galaxies in clusters, and even the motion of stars within our galaxy. The use of spectroscopy also provides a precise analytical method for finding elements with unknown chemical compositions. In a typical spectroscopic analysis, the concentration of a few parts per million of a trace element in an element can be detected by its emission spectrum.
The phase shift of the wave frequency helps us to determine the wave energy, time distortion as well as speed and the gravitational potential difference of the observed object.
Only photons carry all these informations.
Clarification:
Photons and Electromagnetic Waves: Photons are indeed associated with electromagnetic waves, as they are the quanta of electromagnetic radiation. However, digital information in computing and communication systems is not stored or transmitted directly in the form of individual photons. Instead, it is encoded and transmitted as variations in electromagnetic fields, such as voltage levels in electrical circuits (for digital computing) or modulated carrier waves (for communication systems).
Information Encoding: In digital systems, information is typically encoded in binary format, represented by bits (0s and 1s). These bits are represented by variations in voltage or current levels in digital circuits. In communication systems, information is modulated onto electromagnetic carrier waves, and this modulation represents the data being transmitted.
Redshift and Blueshift: Redshift and blueshift are phenomena observed in the spectra of objects in motion relative to an observer. They are related to the Doppler effect, where the frequency (and thus energy) of electromagnetic waves changes as a result of relative motion. While these phenomena are used in various fields, including astrophysics, to determine the motion and properties of distant objects, they are not directly related to the storage or transmission of digital information.
Spectroscopy: Spectroscopy is indeed a powerful tool for analyzing the composition of matter based on the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiation. It is used in various scientific and industrial applications to identify elements, compounds, and their concentrations. However, spectroscopy is primarily a technique for chemical and physical analysis and does not relate directly to the storage or transmission of digital information.
Phase Shift and Wave Properties: Phase shifts in electromagnetic waves can provide valuable information about the properties of the medium they are passing through or the objects they interact with. However, this is often used in scientific measurements and remote sensing applications, not in the context of encoding or transmitting digital information.
While photons are fundamental to electromagnetic radiation, digital information in computing and communication systems is encoded differently and does not rely on the individual properties of photons. Photons are important in various scientific and technological contexts, but their role in information technology is more indirect, related to the principles of optics and the behavior of electromagnetic waves. Digital information is typically encoded and processed using electronic circuits and modulation techniques that do not directly involve individual photons.
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