Time dilation are often viewed not as true experiments, but as demonstrations of preconceived notions:

While I recognize your intellectual acumen, I reckon there may be a misunderstanding regarding the nature of time dilation and the experiments that support it. The numerous published studies confirming time dilation are often viewed not as true experiments, but as demonstrations of preconceived notions. This is because, fundamentally, time itself is not a dilatable entity; rather, events give rise to the concept of time.

Time is defined as the indefinite, continuous progression of existence and events through the past, present, and future, considered as a whole. This progression occurs in a uniform, unchanging sequence, often referred to as cosmic time, within the context of the fourth dimension, above the three spatial dimensions.

Cosmic time is physically represented in clocks and is standardized by the constant frequency of caesium atoms. However, clocks are susceptible to mechanical distortions due to relativistic effects such as motion or gravity. While existential events are physical, time itself is not; it is a conceptual, abstract idea. Therefore, while physical entities can be distorted, time cannot.

Real events in space do not interact with the fourth dimension of time in a way that would allow for distortion through interactions, motion, or gravity. Events in space cannot naturally access the proper time dimension, so their effects cannot alter time beyond its ideal succession, as claimed in the concept of time dilation.

Wavelength distortion due to phase shifts in relative frequency is often misrepresented as time dilation. According to the relation 𝜆 ∝ 𝑇, where 𝜆 denotes wavelength and 𝑇 denotes the period of oscillation, distortion in the clock mechanism affects the wavelength, which is incorrectly interpreted as time dilation.

Clock readings should always follow the natural order of time; otherwise, external distortions will lead to incorrect readings in the clock mechanism. This is why the concept of time dilation is misleading.

Clocks are designed to measure time, not time dilation. The concept of time dilation, which deviates from the standard measure of time, suggests a fundamental error in our understanding of time. The relationship t(360°) < t'(>360°) further illustrates that relativistic time dilation is a flawed concept.

In essence, time is a conceptual or abstract mathematical idea that emerges from events. The phase change in relative frequency, due to the gradual decay of wave energy and the corresponding increase in the wavelength of oscillation, leads to errors in clock time readings when there are relativistic effects or differences in gravitational potential. This phenomenon is inaccurately presented as time dilation.

Refer my research papers in Google Scholar:

scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=QbEr4YMAAAAJ

Best regards

Soumendra Nath Thakur

#timedilation

Explanation to the question, "Why is the existence of time before the Big Bang event meaningless?"

Mr. DAniel Comstock Hixson .

Regarding your comment: "Because time doesn't exist, if it does, explain what came before the Big Bang. I'm new on this page, fellow group members seem pretty smart, but I would love to hear answers."

In my view, 'time' does not exist as a physical entity but rather as a mathematical and abstract concept. Time is the progression of existence and events through the past, present, and future, regarded as a whole. This means that both existence and events are necessary for time to emerge.

As for the notion that 'time explains what came before the Big Bang,' this reflects a misunderstanding. The Big Bang theory predicts a primordial, uneventful existence before the Big Bang event, which then unfolded through the first Big Bang event. This implies that time began with the emergence of both existence and events, not just the existence of events alone. The Big Bang theory does not hint at the occurrence of events before the Big Bang, so any pre-Big Bang existence without events would not give rise to the concept of time. Therefore, without empirical evidence of events before the Big Bang, it is meaningless to conceptualize time in that context, so time cannot explain what came before the Big Bang when there were no events except uneventful existence.

Best regards,

Soumendra Nath Thakur

#time

Why is the existence of time before the Big Bang event meaningless?

Soumendra Nath Thakur

In scientific view, 'time' does not exist as a physical entity but rather as a mathematical and abstract concept. Time is the progression of existence and events through the past, present, and future, regarded as a whole. This means that both existence and events are necessary for time to emerge.

The Big Bang theory predicts a primordial, uneventful existence before the Big Bang event, which then unfolded through the first Big Bang event. This implies that time began with the emergence of both existence and events, not just the existence of events alone.

The Big Bang theory does not hint at the occurrence of events before the Big Bang, so any pre-Big Bang existence without events would not give rise to the concept of time.

Therefore, without empirical evidence of events before the Big Bang, it is meaningless to conceptualize time in that context, so time cannot explain what came before the Big Bang when there were no events except uneventful existence.

Update:

The Emergence of Time and the Big Bang: A Synthesis of Events, Existence, and Cosmological Evidence

13 August 2024

Events necessitate the existence of time, rather than time dictating the occurrence of events. The very notion of time emerges only through the presence of events; without events—i.e., without changes in existence—time would hold no significance. In a hypothetical scenario devoid of events, where no change occurs in existence, time would not manifest. Time is, therefore, inherently tied to the occurrence of events, marking the changes within existence. The initiation of the universe, as proposed by the Big Bang, represents the first event, signifying the inception of time itself.

The Big Bang theory postulates a primordial state of uneventful existence preceding the Big Bang event, which catalysed the unfolding of the universe. This suggests that time commenced with the advent of both existence and events, rather than with the mere existence of events. The theory does not suggest the presence of events before the Big Bang; hence, any pre-Big Bang existence without events would not give rise to the concept of time. Consequently, without empirical evidence of events predating the Big Bang, it is futile to conceptualize time in that context, as time cannot account for what preceded the Big Bang in the absence of events.

The assertion that 'the Big Bang is a mathematical calculation based on reverse engineering of an expanding Universe' is an oversimplification.

Three pivotal scientific discoveries strongly underpin the Big Bang theory:

1. Hubble's discovery in the 1920s of the relationship between a galaxy's distance from Earth and its velocity, evidencing the expansion of space.
2. The detection of cosmic microwave background radiation in the 1960s.
3. The observed abundances of elements in the universe.

These discoveries can be succinctly summarized as:

• The redshift of galaxies.
• The cosmic microwave background.
• The distribution of elements.
• The ability to observe the universe's history.

The redshift observed in the light from distant galaxies indicates that the universe is expanding, making distant galaxies appear closer in time. The Big Bang theory predicts the existence of a pervasive 'glow,' detectable as microwave radiation, which has been confirmed by astronomers using orbiting detectors. Furthermore, the chemical elements such as hydrogen and helium, formed shortly after the Big Bang, differ in abundance from those in newer stars, which contain material synthesized by older stars. The evidence from these distant galaxies aligns more consistently with the Big Bang theory than with the steady-state theory.

Time Arises Through Events, Not the Reverse

Events necessitate the existence of time, rather than time dictating the occurrence of events. The very notion of time emerges only through the presence of events; without events—i.e., without changes in existence—time would hold no significance. In a hypothetical scenario devoid of events, where no change occurs in existence, time would not manifest. Time is, therefore, inherently tied to the occurrence of events, marking the changes within existence. The initiation of the universe, as proposed by the Big Bang, represents the first event, signifying the inception of time itself.

#time #event #events

Preconceptions arise from beliefs.

It’s not particularly concerning if many people don’t understand these subjects. What is more troubling is the preconceived notion that these subjects would be deemed baseless if they challenge any aspect of Einstein’s theory of relativity—as if nothing Einstein proposed could be false, which contradicts the scientific principle of falsifiability.

These individuals fail to recognize that by not addressing the inherent flaws in the theory of relativity, they may ultimately hinder the proper advancement of science.

Nevertheless, numerous researchers and scientists around the world appreciate and endorse such subjects, as they possess a deeper understanding of science than most.

It is evident that many people, including some scientists, continue to hold beliefs akin to those in religious systems. However, science is not grounded in belief systems. Even in the 21st century, many remain confined by such belief systems.

Geometric and Mathematical Invalidation of Relativistic Time Dilation:

Soumendra Nath Thakur

07-08-2024

Abstract:

"Clocks are designed to measure time, not time dilation. Time dilation, which exceeds the standard measure of time, reveals a fundamental error in the concept of time. The relationship t(360°) < t'(>360°) demonstrates that relativistic time dilation is a flawed concept."

The study presents geometric analyses showing that the concept of relativistic time dilation is flawed. It examines the design and function of clocks, mathematical relationships, and implications for time measurement, consistently demonstrating that:

• Clocks measure proper time, not time dilation: Any clock, whether mechanical, digital, or atomic, is designed to measure proper time in its own frame of reference and does not account for relativistic time dilation effects directly.

• Time dilation results in a longer duration than the proper time scale: Time dilation leads to a longer duration compared to the proper time experienced by a clock, emphasizing a deviation from the standard time measurement.

• Proper time t is less than dilated time t′, and adding a time interval to t does not produce t′: The inequality  t(360°) < t′(>360°) highlights that proper time is less than dilated time, and adding a time interval Δt to proper time t does not yield the dilated time t′.

• This suggests that time dilation is a common error in measuring time: The study proposes that time dilation may be a misinterpretation or error in time measurement rather than a true relativistic effect.

• The concept of relativistic time dilation is flawed: The study validly presents that the relativistic time dilation concept, as presented in relativity theory, is flawed based on geometric and mathematical analyses.

• Relativistic Time Dilation Formula: The formula t′ = t/√(1 -v²/c²) illustrates a non-linear relationship between t and t′. It shows how t′ changes non-uniformly with t as the velocity v varies.

• Relativistic Gravitational Time Dilation Formula: The formula t′ = t/√(1-2GM/rc²) also reveals a non-linear relationship between t and t′. Here, t′ changes non-uniformly with t as the radial coordinate r - the distance from the centre of a spherically symmetric mass - varies.

• Non-Linear Nature: Both formulas confirm that t′ is not a linear function of t. As v approaches the speed of light c, t′ increases more dramatically, and similarly, as r varies, t′ changes non-uniformly with t. This validates the study's assertion regarding the non-linear nature of time dilation.

Keywords:

Clocks, Proper time, Time dilation, Time scale, Mathematical inequality, Relative motion, Mathematical reasoning, Geometric reasoning,

Soumendra Nath Thakur

ORCiD: 0000-0003-1871-7803

Tagore's Electronic Lab, WB, India.

postmasterenator@gmail.com

postmasterenator@telitnetwork.in

Declarations:

No specific funding was received for this work.

No potential competing interests to declare. 

Introduction:

The concept of relativistic time dilation, a fundamental aspect of Einstein’s theory of relativity, posits that time intervals measured by a moving clock are longer than those measured by a stationary clock. This notion, however, has been subjected to scrutiny in the present study. The focus here is on the design and function of clocks, mathematical relationships, and the implications of these factors on time measurement.

Clocks, regardless of their type - be it mechanical, digital, or atomic - are inherently designed to measure proper time. Proper time is the time experienced in the clock's own frame of reference and is not intended to account for relativistic effects such as time dilation. The study asserts that time dilation, which implies a discrepancy between proper time and the observed time for a moving clock is a significant deviation from the standard time scale.

Mathematical analyses reveal that the relationship between proper time and dilated time can be represented as t(360°) < t′(>360°), where t denotes proper time and t′ represents dilated time. This inequality illustrates that proper time is less than dilated time, highlighting the relativistic effect of a moving clock running slower compared to a stationary clock. Additionally, the study demonstrates that adding a constant time interval Δt to proper time t does not yield dilated time t′. Dilated time t′ is fundamentally different and longer due to relative motion or gravitational potential difference, reflecting the non-linearity and complexities involved in time dilation phenomena.

Through these geometric and mathematical analyses, the study challenges the validity of relativistic time dilation. It proposes that the observed differences between proper time and dilated time may be misinterpretations or errors in the measurement of time. The study concludes that the concept of relativistic time dilation, as presented in relativity theory, is flawed, based on the presented reasoning and calculations.

Methods

Geometric and Mathematical Analysis

1. Clock Function and Design:

Objective: To evaluate the fundamental function of clocks and their relation to time dilation.

Approach: Analyse various types of clocks (mechanical, digital, atomic) to understand their design to measure proper time. Proper time is defined as the time experienced in the clock's own frame of reference, not accounting for relativistic effects.

2. Mathematical Relationships:

Objective: To assess the mathematical representation of time dilation and its deviation from the standard time scale.

• Inequality Analysis:

Compared proper time t with dilated time t′ using the inequality t(360°) < t′(>360°). Here, t represents proper time measured by a stationary clock, and t′ represents the dilated time experienced by a moving clock. This inequality illustrates that dilated time is greater than proper time.

• Addition of Time Interval:

Investigate the relationship between proper time t, dilated time t′, and an additional time interval Δt using the expression t+Δt ≠ t′. This analysis aims to show that dilated time t′ is fundamentally different and longer than proper time t, and cannot be derived by simply adding Δt to t.

3. Geometric Considerations:

Objective: To explore how geometric reasoning supports the analysis of time dilation.

Method: Examine the geometric representation of time intervals and their changes due to relative motion, highlighting how these representations differ from the standard clock-based measurements of proper time.

4. Error Analysis:

Objective: To determine if observed discrepancies between proper time and dilated time can be attributed to measurement errors.

Method: Evaluated how the perceived time dilation might be a result of misinterpretation of proper time measurement rather than a fundamental relativistic effect.

5. Conclusion and Implications:

Objective: To draw conclusions on the validity of relativistic time dilation based on geometric and mathematical analyses.

Method: Summarize findings and assess whether the observed differences between proper time and dilated time validate the claim that relativistic time dilation is flawed. Provide a rationale based on mathematical inequalities and geometric reasoning.

Geometric analyses and Mathematical Presentation:

• Clock Design and Time Dilation: Any clock is designed to measure proper time, not time dilation. This emphasizes that clocks measure proper time within their frame of reference, irrespective of relativistic effects.

• Time Dilation Magnitude: Time dilation is greater than the time scale. This indicates that the relativistic effect of time dilation is more pronounced compared to the standard time scale.

• Mathematical Representation: The expression t(360°) < t′(>360°) highlights that proper time t is less than dilated time t′, illustrating that t′ exceeds t.

• Non-Equivalence of Time Intervals: The statement t+Δt ≠ t′; t′ >t shows that adding a time interval Δt to proper time t does not result in dilated time t′, underlining that time dilation is a distinct and longer duration.

• The study reveals time dilation as a common error in time measurement, attributing it to misinterpretation, inequality, and non-derivability of dilated time. It invalidates relativistic time dilation, suggesting measurement errors rather than genuine relativistic effects.

• Re-evaluation of Time Dilation: The study reveals time dilation as a common error in time measurement, attributing it to misinterpretation, inequality, and non-derivability of dilated time. It invalidates relativistic time dilation, suggesting measurement errors rather than genuine relativistic effects.

• Relativistic Time Dilation Formula: The formula t′ = t/√(1 -v²/c²) illustrates a non-linear relationship between t and t′ showing that t′ changes non-uniformly with t as velocity v varies.

• Relativistic Gravitational Time Dilation Formula: The formula t′ = t/√(1-2GM/rc²) also reveals a non-linear relationship between t and t′. Here, t′ changes non-uniformly with t as the radial coordinate r - the distance from the centre of a spherically symmetric mass - varies.

• Non-Linear Nature: Both formulas confirm that t′ is not a linear function of t. As v approaches the speed of light c, t′ increases more dramatically. Similarly, as r varies, t′ changes non-uniformly with t. This validates the study's assertion regarding the non-linear nature of time dilation.

Description of the statements:

1. Clock Design and Time Dilation:

Any clock is designed to measure proper time, not time dilation. This emphasizes that clocks -whether mechanical, digital, or atomic - are constructed to measure and display proper time, which is the time experienced in the clock's own frame of reference. They are not inherently designed to measure or show time dilation, which is a relativistic effect observed from a different frame of reference. Thus, the design of clocks to represent proper time remains unchanged, regardless of the frame of reference.

2. Time Dilation Magnitude:

Time dilation is greater than the time scale. This suggests that the effects of time dilation (the difference between proper time and dilated time) are more pronounced compared to the standard measurement of time intervals. In other words, time dilation represents a significant deviation from proper time when compared to the standard time scale.

3. Mathematical Representation:

Expression 1: t (360°) < t′ (>360°). Where: t is proper time and t′ is dilated time or time dilation. This statement specifies that:

• t (proper time) corresponds to a complete cycle (360°) as measured by a stationary clock.

• t′ (dilated time) corresponds to a period longer than one complete cycle (>360°) due to relative motion.

The inequality t(360°) < t′(>360°) illustrates that proper time is less than dilated time, highlighting that a moving clock (dilated time) appears to run slower compared to a stationary clock (proper time). This uses a geometric analogy, where a full rotation of a clock (360°) represents the proper time t. Time dilation t′ is depicted as exceeding this scale (>360°), indicating that dilated time is always longer than proper time.

4. Non-Equivalence of Time Intervals:

Expression 2: t+Δt ≠ t′; t′ >t, where t is proper time and t′ is dilated time or time dilation and Δt represents a change in time interval. This statement indicates that:

• Adding an additional time interval Δt to proper time t does not yield the dilated time t′.

• t′ (dilated time) is greater than t (proper time).

This shows that time dilation cannot be accounted for merely by adding a constant interval to proper time. Instead, it results in a fundamentally different and longer duration due to relativistic effects. Thus, adding a time interval Δt to proper time t does not produce t′, underscoring that time dilation is not simply an extension of proper time.

5. Error in Time Dilation:

The analysis suggests that the concept of time dilation introduces discrepancies in the measurement of time, indicating it as an erroneous interpretation when compared to proper time.

6. Relativistic Time Dilation Formula:

The relativistic time dilation formula t′ = t/√(1 -v²/c²)  illustrates the non-linear relationship between t and t′. This formula demonstrates how t′ changes in a non-uniform manner relative to t as the velocity v varies.

7. Relativistic Gravitational Time Dilation Formula:

The relativistic gravitational time dilation formula t′ = t/√(1-2GM/rc²) also reveals a non-linear relationship between t and t′. In this formula:

t′ (dilated time) changes non-uniformly with t (proper time) as the radial coordinate r (the distance from the centre of a spherically symmetric mass) varies.

The non-linearity becomes more pronounced as r changes, showing that t′ increases or decreases in a non-linear manner relative to t, reflecting the influence of gravitational effects on time measurement.

8. Non-Linear Nature of Time Dilation:

Both the relativistic time dilation formula and the gravitational time dilation formula confirm that t′ is not a linear function of t. As v approaches the speed of light c, t′ increases more dramatically. Similarly, as r varies, t′ changes non-uniformly with t. This validates the study's assertion regarding the non-linear nature of time dilation.

Discussion

The study offers a critical analysis of the relativistic time dilation concept by applying geometric and mathematical reasoning. This discussion aims to interpret the findings, assess their implications, and explore their impact on the broader understanding of time dilation in the context of relativity theory.

1. Evaluation of Clock Design and Function

The study begins by emphasizing that clocks, regardless of their type (mechanical, digital, or atomic), are fundamentally designed to measure proper time. Proper time is defined as the time experienced in the clock's own frame of reference and is not inherently intended to account for relativistic effects such as time dilation. This assertion reinforces the idea that clocks are calibrated to measure time intervals as experienced locally, without direct consideration of relativistic effects.

2. Mathematical Analysis of Time Dilation

The core mathematical analysis provided in the study involves two key components:

Inequality Analysis:

The inequality t (360°) < t′ (>360°), where t represents proper time and t′ denotes dilated time, illustrates that the proper time measured by a stationary clock is less than the dilated time experienced by a moving clock. This result supports the notion that time dilation implies a difference in time measurement between stationary and moving clocks, with the moving clock recording a longer duration.

Addition of Time Interval:

The study examines whether adding a constant time interval Δt to proper time t yields the dilated time t′. The finding that t+Δt ≠ t′ suggests that dilated time is fundamentally different from proper time and cannot be accounted for merely by adding a time interval. This observation challenges the notion that time dilation can be simply modelled as a straightforward extension of proper time.

3. Geometric Reasoning and Misinterpretation

The geometric analysis further supports the argument that relativistic time dilation is flawed. By examining how time intervals are represented geometrically, the study highlights discrepancies between the time observed by a moving clock and the time measured by a stationary clock. These geometric considerations suggest that what is perceived as time dilation results from misinterpretations of proper time measurements rather than an inherent relativistic effect.

4. Implications for Relativity Theory

The study’s findings raise important questions about the validity of relativistic time dilation as presented in Einstein's theory of relativity. If time dilation is indeed a misinterpretation of proper time, as suggested, this challenges the accuracy of relativistic models that rely on time dilation to explain various physical phenomena. The implications of this reassessment could potentially affect our understanding of relativistic effects and prompt a re-evaluation of related theories and experiments.

5. Concluding Thoughts

While empirical evidence supports relativity theory, this study provides robust mathematical, empirical, and physical geometric analyses challenging the concept of relativistic time dilation. Further research and empirical validation are needed to assess the extent to which the study’s conclusions impact the broader understanding of time dilation and relativity. The study's geometric analyses and mathematical presentations offer valuable perspectives that contribute to ongoing discussions in theoretical physics and may inspire further investigation into the nature of time and its measurement.

Conclusion

This study critically examines the concept of relativistic time dilation through geometric and mathematical analyses, revealing significant flaws in the conventional understanding. The key findings highlight that:

1. Clock Design and Function: Clocks, regardless of their type (mechanical, digital, or atomic), are inherently designed to measure proper time within their own frame of reference and are not intended to account for relativistic effects such as time dilation.

2. Mathematical Analysis: The study demonstrates that proper time t is always less than dilated time t′, with the inequality t (360°) < t′ (>360°) emphasizing that dilated time exceeds proper time. Furthermore, adding a constant time interval Δt to proper time t does not produce dilated time t′, underscoring that time dilation is not merely an extension of proper time.

3. Geometric Considerations:

Geometric analyses suggest that what is perceived as time dilation may arise from misinterpretations of proper time measurements rather than genuine relativistic effects. This raises questions about the validity of the relativistic models that depend on time dilation.

4. Implications for Relativity Theory:

The study's findings challenge the accuracy of relativistic time dilation, as described in Einstein’s theory of relativity. If time dilation is indeed a misinterpretation, this could prompt a re-evaluation of related theories and experimental results.

Note: The geometric analysis on a 360° clock dial provided empirical evidence for the study, confirming the conclusions drawn from geometric and mathematical reasoning.

In conclusion, while relativity theory remains a cornerstone of modern physics, the study offers valuable insights that question the conventional understanding of time dilation. The geometric and mathematical analyses presented advocate for a re-examination of time dilation and its implications, suggesting that further research is needed to validate these conclusions and refine our understanding of time measurement and relativistic effects.

The study presents a logically consistent critique of relativistic time dilation through geometric and mathematical analysis. The geometric analysis on a 360° clock dial is presented as valid empirical evidence, supporting the conclusions drawn from both geometric and mathematical reasoning. This confirms that time, fundamentally an abstract concept, emerges from events and is not dilatable. The so-called extensive experimental evidence supporting relativistic time dilation is demonstrated to be biased experiments and preconceptions on fundamental grounds.

References: