11 June 2025

Appendix 6: Angular-Time Correspondence in Extended Classical Mechanics — ∏ᵈᵉᵍ as a Physical Angular Object and Phase-Time Displacement Δt.

Soumendra Nath Thakur
Tagore’s Electronic Lab, WB, India
Email: postmasterenator@gmail.com| postmasterenator@telitnetwork.in

Date: June 11, 2025

Quantized Angular Objects and Time Displacement: Formalization of ∏ᵈᵉᵍ and T(θ°) = T° in Extended Classical Mechanics

Abstract:

Extended Classical Mechanics (ECM) requires all mathematical entities to correspond to real, measurable, physical structures. The abstract constant , commonly regarded as a dimensionless scalar, is instead formalized here as an angular object ᵈᵉᵍ, representing the measurable degree-equivalent of one radian. Simultaneously, the derived relation:

                   T(θ°) = T° = θ°/360f = Δt

Interprets angular phase shifts in real systems as measurable temporal displacements. These formulations extend ECM's core principle: every mathematical transformation reflects a physical redistribution—whether of mass, energy, or time—and all quantities must preserve dimensional identity.

1. Formalization of ᵈᵉᵍ as a Physical Angular Object
In ECM, circular and rotational motion must reflect real physical angular displacements, not abstract ratios. Traditionally, represents the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter, used across trigonometric and rotational contexts. However, ECM interprets this ratio in terms of real, countable angular units, resulting in the definition:

ᵈᵉᵍ = 180°/ ≈ 57.2948°

This value corresponds to the physical angular span subtended by one radian in a circle when expressed in degrees. Rather than treating as dimensionless, ECM treats ᵈᵉᵍ as an angular object with measurable identity. The number of such angular units required to span a half-circle becomes:

180°/ᵈᵉᵍ ≈ 3.14158

So we express:

180° = 3.14158 × ᵈᵉᵍ 

This formulation matches ECM’s unit consistency protocol and parallels ECM's other physicalised constructs, such as phase-time shifts and energy-based deformation.

2. Angular Phase Shift as Temporal Displacement in ECM
Just as angular constants are converted into physical angular displacements, ECM requires phase shifts to represent real temporal displacement. When a system oscillates at a frequency f, and undergoes an angular shift θ° or °, the corresponding time shift Δt is given by:

T(θ°) = T° = θ°/360f  = Δt

Where:
θ° or °: Angular shift in degrees
f: Oscillatory frequency (Hz)
Δt: Actual physical time delay due to angular offset
This is consistent with earlier ECM derivations of time modulation due to angular displacement in rotating or oscillating systems. It physically represents the temporal redistribution required to generate a phase delay in systems such as waveforms, rotating fields, or piezoelectric deformations.

Illustrative Example:
For a 90° phase shift at 50 Hz:
T(90°) = 90/(360 × 50) = 1/(4 × 50) = 0.005 sec
This quantifies how an angular rotation of 90° corresponds to a real delay of 0.005 seconds in the waveform or rotating field, causing time distortion in the waveform.

3. Physical Implications in ECM Modelling
The dual application of ᵈᵉᵍ and T(θ°) or T° supports ECM’s unified treatment of geometry and time:

• In circular or rotational geometry, is no longer abstract but counts as ᵈᵉᵍ units of angular displacement.
• In periodic systems, angular displacements translate into real temporal redistributions, measurable as Δt.
These relations find application in:
• Rotor and gyroscopic dynamics
• Phase-shifted electrical signals
• Electromechanical resonance
• Polarized wave front modulation
• Photon delay or advancement due to angular phase in ECM field theory

Conclusion:

The reinterpretation of as ᵈᵉᵍ and the derivation of:
T(θ°) or T° = θ°/360f or °/360f  

Collectively advance ECM’s central thesis: all observable effects—geometric, temporal, or energetic—must be grounded in real, quantifiable displacements. These constructs replace dimensionless scalars with physically representative units, aligning ECM’s language with observable structure and enforcing continuity across mass, space, and time.

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