Relationship among frequency, phase shift (in degree) and time period:

• The wave (electromagnetic wave carried by photon - gauge boson) starts at the 0-degree phase (0 radians) and has no amplitude.

• The wave reaches positive peak amplitude at the 90-degree phase (0.5π radians).

• The wave returns to its amplitude rest position at the 180-degree phase (π radians).

• The wave reaches negative peak amplitude at the 270-degree phase (1.5π radians)

• Finally, the wave reaches zero peak amplitude at the 360-degree phase (2π radians).

Frequency (f) is inversely proportional to the period of its oscillation i.e. f=1/T.

A complete cycle of wave (i.e. f=1Hz) consists of 360° of phase.

=> 1° phase shift = T/360.

=> 90° phase shift = 90T/360.

=> 180° phase shift = 180T/360.

=> 270° phase shift = 270T/360.

=> 360° phase shift = T (=360T/360)

This means a complete cycle of wave (f= 1 Hz) has 360° of its phase.

Time period (T) of a cycle (with 360° phase) of wave, when it's frequency f=1 Hz.

And therefore, 360° phase = T (period of the wave).

 

#frequency #wave #cycle #phaseshift #degree

The limit in velocity of gravitationally bound objects according to Max Planck:

There is a certain speed limit to which gravitationally bound objects can travel.

However, such a constraint does not apply to metric expansion within intergalactic space affected by antigravity caused by dark energy; whose effective mass is less than zero (< 0).

Max Planck showed us that anything beyond the threshold frequency would become meaningless to us. The Planck length is the smallest possible length beyond which the application of known laws of physics becomes meaningless. So that the Planck length is the limit at which frequency wavelengths can be meaningful to us, but beyond that limit any information that the frequency carries will disappear to us.

Accordingly, the velocity of electromagnetic waves, or light, is equal to one Planck length per Planck time; the limit to which gravitationally bound objects can travel. This value is equal to c.

• Planck mass ~ 22 microgram.
• Planck time ~ 5.39×10^−44 s.
• Planck length ~ 1.61626×10^−35 m
• c =~3x10^8 m/s.

Thus, before relativity came into existence, Planck's law could have determined the speed limit of light.

#MaxPlanck #VelocityOfElectromagneticWave #SpeedOfLight

Effects of various influences in photon frequency:

1. Max Planck proposed this equation E = h f. Plank’s constant describes the energy of a photon increases when the frequency of its electromagnetic wave increases by 1 SI time Unit.

2. Time is called T, the period of oscillation, so that T = 2π/ω.

3. The reciprocal of the period or, the frequency f, in oscillations per second, is given by f = E/h = 1/T = ω/2π = v/ λ.

4. Time interval T(deg) for 1° of phase is inversely proportional to the frequency (f). We get a wave corresponding to the time shift. 1° phase shift on a 5 MHz wave corresponds to a time shift of 555 picoseconds (ps).

5. The infinitesimal loss in wave energy (ΔE) due to various effects like gravitational, spatial expansion or Doppler, correspond to phase shifts of the wave in degree (°) resulting time shifts (Δt) and corresponding enlargement in the wavelength (Δλ) of the wave, this is how redshift occurs in general.

Effects of various influences in photon frequency:

i.Phase shift in photon wave frequency enlarges its wavelength; as photons expend energy leaving a gravitational well.

ii.Additionally, phase shift in photon wave frequency can also enlarge its wavelength; as the source of the photon receding another observing body.

iii.In addition to these effects, the phase shift in photon wave frequency can also enlarge its wavelength; when the metric distance between the photon source and its reception points expands.

iv.Finally, phase shift in photon wave frequency can also reduce its wavelength; when photon entering a gravitational field; but such reduction in wavelength is incidental and cease, wavelength restored on photon leaving that gravitational field, as such, red shift or blue shift can occur in the wavelengths of the photon wave depending upon its gravitational emission, recession, distance expansion or approaching and also temporary gravitational field interaction, only in the gravitational field interaction, such reduction of wavelength is temporary effective, leaves no after effect in original wavelength of the photon,  these (shifts) are know as red shift or blue shift of wave oscillations of the photon,

v.Moreover, enlargement in photon wavelength corresponds to infinitesimal error in time reading of wave oscillation, wrongly known as time dilation.

However, in case of effective error in time of a photon entering gravitational field set to zero, as soon as a photon leaving such gravitational field, this means, as soon as a photon leaves a gravitational field of a massive body, it retains its own frequency, and since speed of photon is constant, temporary error caused in the phase shift of photon frequency get cancelled out, making the effective time error reset to zero.

The photon continues to carry relevant information in it since, it's carrying from its emission.

#errorintime #phaseshifts #photn #wave #oscillation

Do we really know of what actual reality is?

I posted many old Facebook posts questioning reality; whether what we know about reality is actually real. Because we don't really know about reality.

We, being in some system of unknown reality, cannot decide on such reality.

I questioned the unknown developer of the "compiler" - which is installed in our minds - and which makes sense of reality according to the sensory input of our brains.

And successful compilation is performed by the compiler installed in our mind for those inputs and memories.

Where we are not sure of the technology used by the natural developer of our mental compiler.

We are completely blind to the science behind the technology used to build our mental compilers.

The physical and biological sciences we rely on are founded on our scientific principles.

But our scientific understanding is based on our own scientific principles, which may not be based on the same principles of the unknown developer of the "compiler" - which is installed in our minds.

So these questions must be answered.

Although we cannot conclude that our mental imagination is an extension and not the true reality. What is reality? Which we probably don't know yet.

#reality #RealityChallenge

Phase shifts in frequency make wave corresponds to time shifts:

Time interval T(deg) for 1° of phase is inversely proportional to the frequency (f). We get a wave corresponding to the time shift.

For example, 1° phase shift on a 5 MHz wave corresponds to a time shift of 555 picoseconds (ps). 

We know, 1° phase shift = T/360.

As T=1/f,

1° phase shift = T/360 = (1/f)/360.

For a wave of frequency f = 5 MHz, we get the phase shift (in degree°)

= (1/5000000)/360

= (5.55x10^-10)

= 555 ps.

Therefore, for 1° phase shift for a wave having wavelength λ = 59.95m, and frequency f = 5 MHz, the time shift (time delay) Δt = 555 ps (approx).

Moreover, for a 360° phase shift or, 1 complete cycle for a wave having frequency 1Hz (of a 9192631770 Hz wave); the time shift (time delay) Δt = 0.0000001087827757077666 ms (approx).

Time shift of the caesium-133 atomic clock in the GPS satellite in space:

For 1455.50003025° phase shift (or, 4.043055639583333 cycles) of a 9192631770 Hz wave; time shifts (time delays) Δt = 0.0000004398148148148148 ms (approx) or, 38 microsecond time is taken per day.

#phaseshifts #phaseshift