05-06-2024
Inertial mass under the influence of gravity relates to the perception of weight, as the weight of a given mass can vary depending on the distance between the centres of gravity of two massive bodies and their respective masses, assuming no external forces are acting on the bodies.
The perception of weight is generally based on the amount of mass a body has. In a fixed gravitational potential where the body is at rest, a heavier body will have more weight than a smaller one. Additionally, this perception of weight may feel heavier or lighter without any change in the amount of mass of the bodies involved when the distance between the centres of gravity of the bodies changes. This can occur when an external force is applied to one body relative to the other, resulting in either vertical separation or horizontal movement. The applied forces, whether vertical or horizontal, between the massive bodies lead to a perceived change in the weight of the moving body in any relative direction. The change is more significant in the vertical direction, but a higher speed in the horizontal direction can also cause a perceived change in weight when the horizontal motion component significantly affects the vertical component of gravitational attraction between the bodies.
This perception of changing weight corresponds to changes in the total energy of the moving body relative to the other. These changes in energy, whether potential or kinetic, cause a perceived change in weight, which is referred to as effective mass.
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