26 November 2024

Extended Classical Mechanics: Unified Energy-Mass-Frequency Equation.


Soumendra Nath Thakur
ORCiD:0000-0003-1871-7803
November, 2024

Unified Energy-Mass-Frequency Equation:

Mᵉᶠᶠ⋅c² = h⋅f = E

This equation bridges the principles of classical mechanics and quantum theory, presenting a unified framework for understanding the energy-mass-frequency relationship in the context of photon dynamics. It establishes the equivalence between the relativistic energy of a photon, its effective mass-energy, and its quantum electromagnetic energy.

1. The Term Mᵉᶠᶠ⋅c²:

Represents the effective mass-energy of a photon derived from the extended classical mechanics framework.

While photons have zero rest mass (M₀=0), their effective mass Mᵉᶠᶠ is nonzero, as it emerges from their intrinsic energy E.

This term expresses how the photon's energy relates to mass-like behaviour when interacting with gravitational fields, making it pivotal in explaining photon dynamics without invoking spacetime curvature.

2. The Energy E=h⋅f:

Describes the quantum electromagnetic energy of a photon, where h is Planck’s constant and f is the photon's frequency.

This component reflects the quantum nature of photons as particles of light, carrying discrete energy quanta proportional to their frequency.

3. The Energy  E = Mᵉᶠᶠ⋅c²:

Conveys the relativistic energy equivalence, extending Einstein’s E=mc² to photons by replacing rest mass with effective mass.

This shows that photons, despite having no rest mass, possess energy equivalent to a mass-like quantity due to their motion and frequency.

4. Unified Representation:

This equation unifies the concepts of classical mechanics and quantum mechanics by demonstrating that the energy of a photon can be equivalently described through its effective mass (Mᵉᶠᶠ), relativistic principles (c²), and its electromagnetic frequency (h⋅f).

It reflects a seamless connection between classical and quantum perspectives, supporting the broader framework of extended classical mechanics.

Significance in Photon Dynamics:

This relationship underscores how photons interact with gravitational fields, with their effective mass enabling energy and momentum exchanges that result in observable phenomena such as gravitational lensing and redshift. By expressing E as both h⋅f and Mᵉᶠᶠ⋅c², this equation highlights the dual nature of photons as quantum particles and relativistic entities, emphasizing their dynamic role in gravitational systems.

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