The Friedmann universe is a model universe developed in 1922 by the Russian meteorologist and mathematician Aleksandr Friedmann (1888–1925).
He argued that Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity demanded a theory of a dynamic universe, in contrast to the static universe that scientists had previously postulated.
Friedmann proposed a model involving a big bang followed by expansion, subsequent contraction, and an eventual big crunch. This model assumes a closed universe.
However, he also suggested alternative solutions, including an open universe (expanding infinitely) or a flat universe (continuing to expand infinitely but gradually approaching a rate of zero).
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