30 September 2023

Is there any particle moving more than the velocity c (speed of light ) in the universe?

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There are basically two types of known effects in which the macro-existence of the universe is observed.

  1. Gravitationally bound objects, such as a galaxy, cluster of galaxies, mega or super cluster of galaxies.
  2. Dark energy influenced objects, such as a galaxy, cluster of galaxies, mega or super cluster of galaxies, where antigravity rules.

Beyond such gravitationally bound objects are their respective zero-gravity spheres, where dark energy rules.

Planck ratio which expresses the ratio of Planck length and Planck time determines speed limit: ℓP/tP = c;

However, outside the zero-gravity sphere, the speed limit does not apply, as there can be accommodated by speeds greater than ℓP/tP = c.

There an entire galaxy can travel much faster than light, even at multiples of c.

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