Space-time is an imaginary construct. - About Lorentz transformation, relativity, space, time and space-time:

In particular, space-time can emerge from what we normally think of as inhabiting the universe - matter and energy. It's not like we have space and time first and then we add material. Matter and energy need to be a necessary condition for the origin of space and time.

Space-time is an imaginary construct because neither space nor time is natural and therefore not physical. The word natural simply means existing or arising in nature; not made or created by mankind.

Both space and time don't exist in human perception and are not physically perceptible. Space and time, even spacetime exist as thoughts or concepts but do not have a physical or concrete existence. So of course they are not natural.

Space and time never arose from nature but emerged as concepts from physical existence and events respectively, without existence and events, both space and time, as we know them, simply would not emerge; If there was no existence and no event.

Special relativity disregards classical space and time but takes away the independence of time and naturalised time. Hence space-time is wrongly considered natural.

However, taking away the independence of time led to the foundation of special relativity on the wrong basis, and it is now found that the relativistic effect on the phase shift of frequencies invalidates time dilation.

#Lorentztransformation #space #time #relativity #spacetime

Phase shift, Red shift, Wavelength enlargement and time dilation:

Redshift is the consequence of Phase Shift of frequency; corresponding wavelength enlargement, and phaseshift also corresponds to, so called, time dilation.

#phaseshift #redshift #wavelengthdilation #timedilation

Why does the distance between two distant objects increase, which we know as the expansion of space? Answered:

Dark energy has no effect within the influence of gravity, and gravity will have no effect where dark energy dominates.

The effective mass of dark energy <0 causes anti-gravity.

Beyond the gravitational effect of any object, there is a tug-of-war between gravity and anti-gravity. 

The effective mass of dark energy is heavier than the combined mass of ordinary matter and effective mass of dark matter. So antigravity caused by dark energy overcomes gravity.

Therefore, galaxies move away, as if the space between galaxies is expanding.

#expansionofspace #intergalacticscale

Why do decaying particles last longer when moving and when stationary?

Answered the question below: 

''The phase shift in relative frequencies due to infinitesimal loss in wave energy and corresponding enlargement in the wavelengths of oscillations.''

There are interactions between weak interactions and interactions due to relativistic effects, such as gravitational interactions or speed. Speed ultimately increases gravitational potential energy. When any body moves further away, its speed and kinetic energy decrease thereby increasing its gravitational potential energy.

Nuclear decay is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation through the weak interaction. When an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation, according to Planck's equation E=hf the loss of energy by radiation causes a phase shift in the relative frequency of the atomic nucleus, correspondingly increasing its wavelength.

However, the wavelength distortion due to the phase shift in relative frequency corresponds exactly to the time distortion; By the relation λ∝T, where λ denotes the wavelength and T denotes the period of oscillation of the wave.

This fact answers the question. 'Why do decaying particles last longer when moving and when stationary?'

Reference: https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.22492066

#lossofenergy #phaseshift #wavelengthdilation #timedistortio

Question: "What determines the colour of light ? Is it the wavelength or the frequency of the light?"

Answered.....

"When a light photon hits the surface of an object, it transfers its energy to the atoms of the object, causing electrons in the outermost orbits of the atoms to absorb the photon, becoming some free electrons. The resulting photon is emitted according to the corresponding wavelength and then enters our eyes, so we see the color of the object according to the corresponding wavelength of the emitted photon."

The retina is covered with millions of light sensitive cells called rods and cones. When these cells detect light, they send signals to the brain. Cone cells help detect colors. Most people have three kinds of cone cells, these three types of cones allow us to see a certain range of the visible light spectrum on the electromagnetic spectrum, translated into colours, these colours are blue, green, and red and are called primary colours.

A monitor or TV screen generates three colors of light (red, green, and blue) and the different colors we see are due to different combinations and intensities of these three primary colors. In its most basic form, a color broadcast can be created by broadcasting three monochrome images, one each in the three colors of red, green, and blue (RGB). When displayed together or in rapid succession, these images will blend together to produce a full-color image as seen by the viewer. 

However, most of the time we see sunlight and the colors of surrounding objects, naturally, when light photons fall on the objects.

Sunlight, or visible light, are actually white in color and form a mixture of the seven colors we see in a rainbow, i.e., made of all the rainbow colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

The colour of visible light depends on its wavelength. These wavelengths range from 700 nm at the red end of the spectrum to 400 nm at the violet end. Visible light waves are the only electromagnetic waves we can see. We see these waves as the colours of the rainbow. Therefore, the human eye can detect wavelengths from 380 to 700 nanometers. 

Here are from shortest to longest wavelengths of light:

• Violet - shortest wavelength, around 400-420 nanometers with highest frequency. 
• Indigo - 420 - 440 nm.
• Blue - 440 - 490 nm.
• Green - 490 - 570 nm.
• Yellow - 570 - 585 nm.
• Orange - 585 - 620 nm.
• Red - longest wavelength, at around 620 - 780 nanometers with lowest frequency.

When light falls on the object some of it is reflected, some are transmitted and some are absorbed. The reflected rays give colours to the objects and the reason why we see things. Objects appear different colours because they absorb some colours (wavelengths of light) and reflect or transmit other colours. The colours we see are the wavelengths that are reflected or transmitted.

When a light photon hits the surface of an object, it transfers its energy to the atoms of the object, causing electrons in the outermost orbits of the atoms to absorb the photon, becoming some free electrons. The resulting photon is emitted according to the corresponding wavelength and then enters our eyes, so we see the color of the object according to the corresponding wavelength of the emitted photon.

#colour #colours #VisibleLight #light