Relativistic effects on phaseshift in frequencies invalidate time dilation II
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.12631.96161
20 May 2023
Energy Fields: - Electric, Magnetic, Electro-magnetic, Gravitational.
Field, in physics, is an area in which a physical quantity is associated with each point. The quantity can be a number, as in the case of a scalar field, such as the Higgs field, or it can be a vector, as in the case of a gravitational field, associated with a force.
The three main force fields are electric, magnetic and gravitational. Often, electric and magnetic fields work together because they are continuously generated by each other's processes. Moving electricity creates magnetic fields and moving magnets create electric charges and fields.
Electromagnetic field, a physical field produced by electrically charged objects. Electric field, a vector field around an electric charge that exerts a force on other charges. Magnetic field, a vector field that describes electric currents and the magnetic effect of magnetic materials.
Electric field.
An electric field is the physical field that surrounds an electrically charged particle and exerts a force on all other charged particles in the field, either attracting or repelling them. It also refers to the physical field for a system of charged particles
Magnetic field.
A magnetic field is a vector field that describes moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic effects on magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences its own velocity and a force perpendicular to the magnetic field.
Gravitational field.
In physics, a gravitational field is a model used to explain the effect that a massive body exerts on the space around it, exerting a force on another massive body. Thus, a gravitational field is used to explain gravitational phenomena and is measured in newtons per kilogram.
Electromagnetic field.
Energy waves are called electromagnetic (EM) because they have oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Electromagnetic fields are a combination of invisible electric and magnetic fields of energy. Electromagnetic (EM) fields are classified by their frequency or wavelength. The electromagnetic field can be defined as light because it propagates at the speed of light. Maxwell's laws and Lorentz force laws describe the way current and charge interact with electromagnetic fields. They are generated by natural phenomena such as the Earth's magnetic field, but also by human activity, mainly through the use of electricity.
17 May 2023
Ancient light from galaxies and their relative distances:
Galaxies at the edge of the visible universe are definitely moving away from you much faster than the speed of light because they are about 46.5 billion light years away. But the galaxies you can see from the past, whose motion is more relevant to your relative speed, can be at most <13.8 billion light years away.
The galaxy you see from the past, as stated above, has now changed from its "light travel distance" to its "proper distance," but you cannot see the galaxy at its proper distance.
It's reasonable to think that you're moving away much faster than the galaxy you see from the past. That's why light from galaxies has been red-shifted in the past.
Likewise, galaxies at the edge of the visible universe passed you by at the beginning of the universe, and you see them moving away from you faster than light, so the light from those galaxies is also red-shifted.
Hubble's observations show that the red-shift of galaxies is directly proportional to the galaxy's distance from Earth. This means that objects farther away from Earth are moving away faster (relative to you).
It's logical to think that, since the universe expanded rapidly for a fraction of a second at the beginning. So if the galaxies you're talking about are close to you, they should be in the first seconds of the universe's beginning, not even in the distant past. Early galaxies reached their adolescence about 1 to 2 billion years after the Big Bang event.
And no, distant galaxies should never appear to you because you're moving away from them. Some of the gravitationally bound local galaxies may reach you, but not nearly all galaxies in the universe.
The speed of light in vacuum is always constant so light can never reach you faster or slower than its constant speed, only the expansion of space pushes everything else away from us.
#galaxy #lighttravelleddistance #properdistance #Redshift #hubble #distance
15 May 2023
Effect of gravity on matter: An approach with the piezoelectric crystal.
Gravity exerts a mechanical force on any object that deforms the object and pushes on the surrounding atoms. Using gravity, energy is obtained by the so-called piezo method, which converts mechanical stress into electrical energy. Piezoelectric gravity devices can generate energy anywhere.
When mechanical stress is applied to a piezoelectric crystal, the structure of the crystal is deformed, the atoms push around and the crystal conducts an electric current. It occurs when motion or mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy due to crystal deformation. Piezoelectric materials are materials that can generate electricity due to mechanical stress. The mechanical stress of a piezoelectric crystal is greatest in the ground state.
In the case of a gravitational potential difference, there is less gravitational stress on a piezoelectric crystal, which correspondingly reverses the deformation of the structure, thereby pushing the atoms around, causing the crystal to conduct less electric current than in the ground state.
Conclusion:
The gravitational potential difference causes a corresponding distortion in the oscillator structure and the corresponding distortion results in a loss of oscillator's wave energy.
Note:
The SI unit of the International System of Units is defined as the time interval equal to 9192631770 vibrations of the ground state cesium-133 atom, represented as s or seconds.
Citation: Thakur¹, S.N. and Bhattacharjee, P.S.D., 2023. Relativistic effects on phaseshift in frequencies invalidate time dilation II. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.12631.96161
#gravity #piezoelectriccrystal #mechanicalstress #electricalenergy
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13 May 2023
About space, time and entity:
My scientific analysis, observations and experiments on space, time and entities indicates, independent of motions, only gravity is responsible for "entity distortion" and there is no time dilation or transformation but corresponding distortion. Such distortions only applying within gravity bound space. A space inhabited dark energy is free from distortion, but expansion applies.
This above statement implies that so-called time dilation or Lorentz (time) transformation, although incorrect, has no application in dark energy-dominated space, but expansions.
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