Summary:
"The reasons of the red-shifts (z, >1) are actually the results of lowered energy (E) of the waves or, lowered frequency (f) of the waves or. increased wavelength (λ) of the waves. The wavelength of the wave vibrations change due to phase shift of the vibration frequencies, and so ultimately the wavelengths shift to the red side in the electromagnetic spectrum depending upon the energy decrease of the wave vibration due to various effects like Doppler, relativistic and expansion of space. And also, in case of energy increase of the wave, the phase-shift will result shorter wavelengths to shift the wavelength towards the blue side of the electromagnetic spectrum."
Explanation:
Vibration (frequency) can be two dimensional i.e. up and down in x-y plane and also back and forth in x-z plane, when electromagnetic vibrations occur in both planes simultaneously, so frequencies of these vibrations of both planes are synchronised normally and those phases of vibrational waves began from the origin location (0,0,0) normally.
The equations those are relevant here are f=c/λ=E/h=1/T, when 1° phase shift = T/360.
However, in case of (i) relative movement from such a vibration or (ii) for relativistic effects, or (iii) cosmic expansions, the phase of the vibrational frequencies shift from its earlier position (say 0,0,0) to a new position due to relevant interactions out of these effects.
The time interval T(deg) for 1° of phase is inversely proportional to the frequency (f). We get a wave corresponds to time shift, and for 1° phase shift on a 5 MHz wave corresponds to a time shift of 555 picoseconds, and so on, for corresponding phase shifts in degee (°).
As a result, the wavelength of the vibration changes due to phase shift of the vibration frequencies, and so ultimately it shift to the red side in the spectrum relevant depending upon the energy decrease of the vibration due to various effects said or in case of energy increase the phase shift will result shorter wavelength to shift towards blue of the spectrum relevant.
This is what happens irrespective of the vibrations is in plane or in space."
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