Acknowledgement:

28-04-2024

Dear Dr. Paternina,

Thank you for taking the time to read my research paper (Formulating Time's Hyperdimensionality across Disciplines) and for sharing your insightful comments. I truly appreciate your engagement with the ideas presented and the connections you've drawn to your own work.

I'm glad to hear that you agree with the advocacy in my paper for differentiating time from spatial dimensions. Your explanation of the pendulum formula and its deduction within the framework of the Basic Systemic Unit concept provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics of open systems. It's fascinating to see how your research contributes to a deeper understanding of fundamental equations in physics, such as Schrödinger's wave equation, within a unified framework like the Complex Plane.

Your critique of mainstream physics and advocacy for a paradigm shift towards considering time as a fundamental dimension separate from space resonates deeply with the themes explored in my paper. By acknowledging the limitations of traditional mathematical methodologies and proposing alternative frameworks like the complex plane, you offer valuable perspectives on how we can better understand complex phenomena.

I found your explanation of thirdness, complex numbers, and their implications for understanding reality and mathematical representations to be particularly illuminating. Your emphasis on the importance of synergy and the Basic Unit System in comprehensively representing reality underscores the need for interdisciplinary approaches in scientific inquiry.

Your comment enriches the discourse surrounding the nature of time, space, and reality, and I'm grateful for the opportunity to engage with your ideas.

Thank you once again for your insightful contribution.

Warm regards,

Soumendra Nath Thakur

*-*-*-*-*

29-04-2024

Dear Mr. Edgar Paternina,

I extend my heartfelt congratulations and appreciation to you for your remarkable discovery of the "Basic Systemic Unit" and your insightful reinterpretation of the imaginary unit as a symbol to differentiate between two distinct orders of reality such as Time and Space. Your conceptualization of the complex trajectory that remains invariant in the complex plane, while embodying a radical duality between time and space, is indeed a novel and thought-provoking idea.

Your elucidation of the concept of power and the power factor in the context of electrical engineering resonates deeply with me, especially considering my recent engagement with similar concepts in response to a question on Quora. The coincidence of our discussions regarding power and its factors further emphasizes the interconnectedness of ideas across disciplines, sparking new avenues for exploration.

I am genuinely fascinated by your approach to synthesizing complex numbers and their implications for understanding reality, particularly your emphasis on synergy and isomorphic units. Your dedication to testing and validating theoretical concepts in real-world settings exemplifies the rigor and depth of your research endeavours.

I am eager to delve into your paper, "The Principle of Synergy and Isomorphic Units, a revisited version," and explore the profound insights it offers into the fundamental equations of physics within a unified framework. As soon as I find the time amidst my present engagements, I shall immerse myself in the study of your work, eager to glean further wisdom from your scholarly contributions.

Once again, I express my sincere gratitude for your enlightening comments and invaluable insights. Your work continues to inspire and enrich the discourse surrounding the nature of reality and mathematical representations.

Warm regards,

Mr. Soumendra Nath Thakur

Impact of External Factors on Electromagnetic Phenomena:

(Part 4 of 1 to x)

Soumendra Nath Thakur

ORCiD: 0000-0003-1871-7803

27-04-2024

Description: 

This study delves into the intricate relationship between time period, phase shift, and frequency change in electromagnetic phenomena. It begins by establishing the concept of time period as representing a complete cycle, expressed in degrees. A detailed exploration follows, elucidating how a 1° phase shift corresponds to a fraction of the time interval inversely proportional to frequency, denoted as Tᴅᴇɢ. The introduction of x allows for flexibility in considering phase shifts of any degree, broadening the applicability of the equations. 

Additionally, the study demonstrates how a 1° phase shift induces changes in frequency on the source frequency f₀, paving the way for understanding frequency alterations due to various external influences such as motion, gravity, temperature, electric or electromagnetic fields, external forces, and medium transitions. Equations derived from these principles enable the calculation of energy changes, providing valuable insights into the impact of external factors on electromagnetic phenomena.

The mathematical description explores the relationship between time period, phase shift, and frequency alteration in electromagnetic phenomena:

Time period signifies a complete cycle.

T = 360°; 

A 1° phase shift equals T/360;

The time interval Tᴅᴇɢ for a 1° phase is inversely proportional to the frequency (f). It represents the time corresponding to one degree of phase shift, measured in degrees.

 Tᴅᴇɢ = (1/f)/360; 

Given that T = 1/f₀, a 1° phase shift equals (1/f₀)/360, denoted by Tᴅᴇɢ.

Tᴅᴇɢ = (1/f₀)/360 = Δt;

Similarly, for an x° phase shift:

Tᴅᴇɢ = x(T/360); 

Substituting 1/f₀ for T:

Tᴅᴇɢ = x{(1/f₀)/360)}; 

This phase shift corresponds to a time shift Δt:

Tᴅᴇɢ = x{(1/f₀)/360} = Δt;

The introduction of x allows flexibility in considering phase shifts of any degree, broadening the applicability of the equations.

Moreover, a 1° phase shift induces a change in frequency (Δf) on the source frequency (f₀).

1° phase shift = T°/360°; 

Substituting 1/f₀ for T; for a 1° phase shift:

Δf = (1/f₀)/360: 

For an x° phase shift: 

Δf = x{(1/f₀)/360}. 

The subsequent discussion elaborates on frequency and its susceptibility to various external influences:

Frequency denotes the number of waves or oscillations. Alterations in frequency represent variances between original and modified frequencies. Frequencies carry energy and can change due to external factors such as motion, gravity, temperature, electric or electromagnetic fields or potentials, external forces, and medium transitions, affecting mechanical, acoustic, or electromagnetic waves. These phenomena follow distinct or combined equations.

The equation for frequency change is:

Δf = (f₀ - f₁)

From the equation, Δf = x{(1/f₀)/360},  we can ascertain the relative frequency change (Δf) given the source frequency (f₀) and the degree of phase shift (x).

Furthermore, with these parameters, we can determine the time shift or distortion (Δt):

(1/f₀)/360 = Δt.  

By knowing Δf or Δt on f₀, we can calculate the energy (E) or its change (ΔE) using the equations:

ΔE = hΔf₀

If f₁ is determined after Δf calculation on f₀, then ΔE₁ can be derived from 

ΔE₁ = hf₁Δt

These equations facilitate the understanding and calculation of external factors' impact on electromagnetic phenomena, including motion, gravity, temperature, electric or electromagnetic fields or potentials, direct or induced forces, and medium-induced frequency alterations, thus affecting source frequency.

Revisiting Lorentz Transformations: Resolving Scalar-Vector Dynamics Discrepancies

(Part 3 of 1 to x)

Soumendra Nath Thakur

ORCiD: 0000-0003-1871-7803

25-04-2024

Description:

The comprehensive series of studies, collectively titled "Revisiting Lorentz Transformations: Resolving Scalar-Vector Dynamics Discrepancies," delves deep into the intricacies of Lorentz transformations and their interaction with scalar and vector quantities. Building upon previous research that highlighted concerns about mathematical inconsistencies in Lorentz transformations, particularly in reconciling scalar-vector dynamics, this study series aims to provide clarity and resolution.

Beginning with the foundational study "Addressing Contradictions in Lorentz Transformations: Reconciling Scalar-Vector Dynamics," the series identifies discrepancies between theoretical expectations and empirical observations regarding Lorentz transformations. It underscores the need for further examination to reconcile these inconsistencies.

Subsequently, the focus shifts to "Lorentz Transformations and Effective Mass in Classical Mechanics," which elucidates the derivation of Lorentz transformation formulas and their relationship to kinetic energy and effective mass. This study clarifies misconceptions surrounding effective mass and its distinction from relativistic mass, shedding light on its significance in classical and modern physics.

The final instalment challenges previous notions by asserting that phenomena like length contraction, mass change, and relativistic time dilation are not fundamental manifestations but rather consequences of energy transfer induced by the Lorentz factor. It argues that these effects arise from velocity-induced forces acting on moving objects, influencing the kinetic energy stored within them.

Ultimately, the series concludes that while there may not be a mathematical discrepancy in Lorentz transformations, inconsistencies arise in treating phenomena like length contraction and mass change as standalone entities. Instead, they are portrayed as outcomes of energy transfer due to velocity-induced forces, necessitating a re-evaluation of the scalar-vector dynamics within the Lorentz framework.

Summary:

The study (Part 1 of 1 to x), titled 'Addressing Contradictions in Lorentz Transformations: Reconciling Scalar-Vector Dynamics,' suggests that the statements express a valid concern regarding the mathematical consistency of Lorentz transformations, particularly in their interaction with scalar and vector quantities. It indicates that the discrepancy highlighted indicates a need for further examination and clarification to reconcile theoretical expectations with empirical observations.

In response, we aim to examine and clarify to reconcile the theoretical expectations regarding the mathematical consistency of Lorentz transformations:

The subsequent study, (Part 2 of 1 to x), titled 'Lorentz Transformations and Effective Mass in Classical Mechanics,' describes the derivation of the Lorentz transformation formula and its relationship to the equation E = KE + PE, where kinetic energy (KE) is treated as 'effective mass' (mᵉᶠᶠ) and often misunderstood as relativistic mass (m′).

The Lorentz factor (γ) and velocity-induced forces play pivotal roles in this framework, influencing how kinetic energy is stored within moving objects based on classical mechanics principles. The concept of effective mass is clarified, underscoring its significance in both classical and modern physics, particularly in comprehending mass increase in objects and its implications for system behaviour under various forces. Deformation effects, such as relativistic mass, length contraction, and relativistic time dilation, highlight their association with velocity-induced external forces and their impact on Lorentz transformations.

The Lorentz factor (γ), as a velocity-induced force, influences how kinetic energy is stored within moving objects based on classical mechanics principles. Thus, the stored kinetic energy (KE) is treated as 'effective mass' (mᵉᶠᶠ), often misunderstood as relativistic mass (m′).

When a force acts on an object, causing it to move a certain distance in the direction of the force, work is performed on the object. This work leads to a change in its kinetic energy. Kinetic energy (KE) represents the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

In Lorentz transformations, the mechanical force induced by velocity (v) deforms the moving mass, altering the arrangement of its molecules or atoms, and thus storing kinetic energy as structural deformation, which is reversible when the mass ceases moving. Deformation effects, such as relativistic mass, length contraction, and relativistic time dilation, underscore their linkage to velocity-induced external forces and their influence on Lorentz transformations.

A change in energy can generate forces; similarly, force acts on an object, leading to energy transfer, which impacts its motion and the dynamics of objects. Displacement, velocity, position, including force, are all vector quantities.

This study suggests that the Lorentz factor (γ) in Lorentz transformations is often misunderstood regarding its effects on moving objects. It argues that the Lorentz factor is linked to velocity-induced forces acting on objects in motion, resulting in energy transfer and various deformation effects such as "effective mass," which is frequently confused with relativistic mass, length contraction, and relativistic time dilation.

However, the study contends that these deformational effects do not fundamentally alter the rest mass, cause permanent length contraction, or result in proper time dilation. Instead, they are manifestations of energy transfer caused by the Lorentz factor inducing mechanical force, affecting the kinetic energy stored within the moving object. This stored kinetic energy is treated as reversible "effective mass," often misinterpreted as relativistic mass, leading to temporary length deformation misunderstood as length contraction and time distortion misinterpreted as relativistic time dilation.

According to the study, the velocity-induced resultant force in Lorentz transformations is a vector quantity, influencing the kinetic energy stored within moving objects based on classical mechanics principles. This force interacts more with the Lorentz factor than with stored kinetic energy, resulting in alternative and reversible length deformation, effective mass, or time distortion. Consequently, the Lorentz factor induces force as another vector quantity, leading to vector quantity products in the relevant transformations.

Therefore, the study concludes that there is no mathematical discrepancy, as the Lorentz factor induces force as another vector quantity. However, there is indeed inconsistency, as the previous study (Part 1 of 1 to x), titled 'Addressing Contradictions in Lorentz Transformations: Reconciling Scalar-Vector Dynamics,' suggests. It indicates that length contraction, mass change, and relativistic time dilation, as presented in Lorentz transformations, are not proper manifestations of these phenomena. Instead, they are manifestations of energy transfer due to the Lorentz factor inducing mechanical force, affecting the kinetic energy stored within the moving object. This highlights a valid concern regarding the mathematical consistency of Lorentz transformations, particularly in their interaction with scalar and vector quantities, when phenomena like length contraction, mass change, and time dilation—scalar quantities—are treated as real entities. They are not.

Lorentz Transformations and Effective Mass in Classical Mechanics:

(Part 2 of 1 to x)

Soumendra Nath Thakur

ORCiD: 0000-0003-1871-7803

25-04-2024

Description: 

This summary explores the derivation of the Lorentz transformation formula and its relationship to the equation E = KE + PE, where kinetic energy (KE) is treated as 'effective mass' (mᵉᶠᶠ) and often misinterpreted as relativistic mass (m′). The Lorentz factor (γ) and velocity-induced forces play key roles in this framework, affecting how kinetic energy is stored within moving objects according to classical mechanics principles. The concept of effective mass is clarified, emphasizing its significance in both classical and modern physics, particularly in understanding mass increase in objects and its implications for system behaviour under various forces. Deformation effects, such as relativistic mass, length contraction, and relativistic time dilation, are discussed, highlighting their connection to velocity-induced external forces and their influence on Lorentz transformations.

Summary:

The Lorentz transformation formula, m′ = m₀/√{1 - (v/c)²}, is derived from the equation E = KE + PE, where PE represents the rest mass m₀. This equation treats kinetic energy KE as 'effective mass' (mᵉᶠᶠ), often referred to as relativistic mass (m′), representing time distortion(t′). The Lorentz factor (γ) is a velocity-dependent factor, involving velocity-induced forces. Objects subject to these forces store kinetic energy (KE) within moving objects according to classical mechanics principles.

Velocity-induced force (F) stores kinetic energy in an object, causing stress and deformation due to changes in atomic and molecular structures. This stored energy is typically represented as the relativistic mass (m′), but it should be denoted as the effective mass (mᵉᶠᶠ). Effective mass is a crucial concept in both classical and modern physics, influencing system behaviour under various forces. It is essential in mechanical systems like piezoelectric actuators for dynamic response and in relativistic physics to explain mass increase in objects.

Deformation results in relativistic mass, length contraction, and relativistic time dilation, which are influenced by velocity-induced external forces. Equations like F = kΔL describe these changes, impacting Lorentz transformations and influencing the effective mass of the object.

Addressing Contradictions in Lorentz Transformations: Reconciling Scalar-Vector Dynamics.

(Part 1 of 1 to x)

Soumendra Nath Thakur
ORCiD: 0000-0003-1871-7803
25-04-2024

Description 

Investigating the interaction between scalar and vector quantities within Lorentz transformations reveals a notable contradiction. While scalar quantities such as mass, length, time, and temperature are typically unaffected by direction, Lorentz factor (γ), commonly treated as a vector due to its velocity-dependence, poses a challenge when interacting with them. Despite mathematical expectations dictating that such interactions should maintain vector properties, empirical observations yield scalar outcomes. This discrepancy underscores a need for further scrutiny and resolution within the framework of Lorentz transformations.

Conclusion:

These statements seem to present a clear contradiction in terms of the nature of scalar and vector quantities, as well as the mathematical expectations set by Lorentz transformations. 

Let's break down the inconsistencies:

Scalar and Vector Quantities: The first set of statements correctly delineate scalar quantities (mass, length, time, temperature) from vector quantities (displacement, velocity, position, force). Scalar quantities describe only magnitude, while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction.

Lorentz Factor and Vector-Scalar Interaction: The first set of statements raise a valid concern about the interaction between the Lorentz factor (γ)—typically treated as a vector quantity due to its velocity-dependence—and scalar quantities like mass, length, and time. According to mathematical principles, when a vector quantity is multiplied or divided by a scalar quantity, the result should remain a vector quantity, scaling only in magnitude without altering direction.

Discrepancy in Lorentz Transformations: The second set of statements highlights the discrepancy between the expected behaviour based on mathematical principles and the observed outcomes in Lorentz transformations. Despite the Lorentz factor (γ) being velocity-dependent and treated as a vector quantity, the equations for mass change, length contraction, and time dilation result in scalar quantities rather than vector quantities as expected.

Violation of Mathematical Principles: The inconsistency between the mathematical expectation and the observed outcomes in Lorentz transformations is identified as a violation of mathematical principles. This indicates a need for acknowledgment and resolution of the discrepancy.

In summary, these statements articulate a valid concern regarding the mathematical consistency of Lorentz transformations, particularly in how they interact with scalar and vector quantities. The discrepancy highlighted suggests a need for further examination and clarification to reconcile the theoretical expectations with empirical observations.