A Response to Mr. Mikhail Nikolaevich Mashkin

April 01, 2025

Dear Mr. Mashkin, 

Your assertion that "Space is not emptiness. The properties of space determine the duration and extent of the passage of light in it." appears to stem from a fundamental misinterpretation of space and its nature. 

Space, in itself, does not possess intrinsic properties that influence the passage of light. Instead, it is a conceptual framework—an abstract, emergent construct that provides a stage for physical entities such as energy and mass. The existence of energy and mass defines the interactions within space, but space itself remains an absence—a void that does not independently impose properties on light propagation. 

If space were to inherently possess energy density, it would cease to be space in the proper sense and would instead be a medium with material characteristics. However, the observed behavior of light is influenced by actual physical presence—such as gravitational fields or electromagnetic interactions—not by space as an entity in itself. Thus, the claim that "the duration of the passage of light and the extent of the passage of light are directly proportional to the energy density of space" conflates the role of space with the influences of material presence within it. 

Similarly, your interpretation that the speed of light is independent of the observer due to photons moving in two-dimensional space is inconsistent with the principles governing physical interactions. A photon’s trajectory is a function of energy-mass interactions within the three-dimensional framework in which it propagates, not an abstract mapping onto a two-dimensional space. The notion of emission and absorption regions does not necessitate a two-dimensional motion but rather a description of energetic exchange within an extended spatial framework. 

Furthermore, time is not a property of space but an emergent hyperdimensional construct that began with the onset of the universal event known as the Big Bang. Unlike spatial dimensions, time possesses a hyper dimensionality that makes events within its scope permanently imperceptible and non-interactable for entities confined within three-dimensional space. This distinction invalidates any interpretation of time as merely another spatial parameter. 

Thus, the foundation of your claims regarding space, light, and time is inherently inconsistent, leading to further discrepancies in the conclusions derived from them. A more rigorous framework—grounded in the distinction between space as an abstract construct and the actual physical entities that influence measurable properties—must be considered for a coherent understanding of these phenomena.

Best Regards 
Soumendra Nath Thakur